Catalytic conversion of one-carbon (C1) molecules, such as CO, CO₂, CH₄, and CH₃OH, into fuels and value-added chemicals is a vitally important process in the chemical industry because of its close correlation to energy and environmental implications. However, the selectivity control, energy saving, and emission reduction remain great challenges for C1 chemistry due to the complex and changeable conversion processes. Herein, we briefly summarize recent advances and milestones in conversion of C1 molecules in the last decade, particularly focusing on the new reaction processes, including thermal-driven reactions, such as direct methane to ethylene, CO₂ hydrogenation, and oxide-zeolite process for syngas conversion, and mild-condition conversion processes, such as room-temperature methane conversion, electrochemical water-gas shift, electrocatalytic CO reduction to ethylene, and light-driven methanol to ethylene glycol. The challenges and prospects are also fully discussed toward the C1 chemistry for the basic and applied research in the future.

一氧化碳（C1）分子（例如CO，CO ₂，CH ₄和CH ₃ OH ）的催化转化为燃料和高附加值化学品是化学工业中至关重要的过程，因为它与能源和能源密切相关。对环境的影响。但是，由于复杂和可变的转化过程，选择性控制，节能和减排仍然是C1化学的巨大挑战。本文中，我们简要总结了过去十年中C1分子转化的最新进展和里程碑，特别着重于新的反应过程，包括热驱动反应，如直接甲烷转化为乙烯，CO ₂氢化，氧化物-沸石工艺进行合成气转化，以及温和条件的转化工艺，例如室温甲烷转化，电化学水煤气变换，电催化将CO还原为乙烯，以及将光驱动的甲醇转化为乙二醇。未来的基础和应用研究也对C1化学的挑战和前景进行了充分讨论。