Abstract Over the past decades, the research on structural vibration control has mainly focused on ‘energy dissipation’ strategy using various dampers for hazard mitigation. This paper proposes a novel application of linear motion electromagnetic (EM) devices, termed linear EM dampers hereinafter, for both vibration damping and energy harvesting. The kinetic energy caused by earthquakes, wind or traffic loads is not only dissipated by EM dampers, but also stored by energy-harvesting electric circuits connected to EM dampers. The green and regenerative energy output may provide an alternative power supply to portable and wireless devices at remote sites. This paper presents a theoretical and experimental study of linear EM dampers connected with four representative circuits. The dynamic characteristics of linear EM dampers, including parasitic damping, EM damping, energy conversion efficiency and output power, are modeled and discussed systematically in each case. The modeling is further verified by a series of dynamic testing of a small-scale linear EM damper, which is cyclically tested on a MTS machine at different frequencies and amplitudes. A good match between the modeling and testing results clearly demonstrates that the described model can predict the performance of the linear EM damper and energy harvesting circuit very well. The promises and challenges of using EM dampers in future civil infrastructure for both vibration damping and energy harvesting are discussed based on the outcome of this study.

中文翻译：

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用于减振和能量收集的线性电磁装置：建模和测试

摘要 在过去的几十年中，结构振动控制的研究主要集中在使用各种阻尼器来减轻危害的“能量耗散”策略。本文提出了一种线性运动电磁 (EM) 设备的新应用，以下称为线性 EM 阻尼器，用于振动阻尼和能量收集。由地震、风或交通负载引起的动能不仅由电磁阻尼器耗散，而且还由连接到电磁阻尼器的能量收集电路储存。绿色和可再生能源输出可为远程站点的便携式和无线设备提供替代电源。本文介绍了与四个代表性电路相连的线性 EM 阻尼器的理论和实验研究。线性电磁阻尼器的动态特性，包括寄生阻尼、电磁阻尼、能量转换效率和输出功率，在每种情况下都被系统地建模和讨论。该模型通过一系列小型线性 EM 阻尼器的动态测试得到进一步验证，该阻尼器在 MTS 机器上以不同频率和幅度进行循环测试。建模和测试结果之间的良好匹配清楚地表明，所描述的模型可以很好地预测线性 EM 阻尼器和能量收集电路的性能。根据这项研究的结果，讨论了在未来民用基础设施中使用 EM 阻尼器进行减振和能量收集的前景和挑战。该模型通过一系列小型线性 EM 阻尼器的动态测试得到进一步验证，该阻尼器在 MTS 机器上以不同频率和幅度进行循环测试。建模和测试结果之间的良好匹配清楚地表明，所描述的模型可以很好地预测线性 EM 阻尼器和能量收集电路的性能。根据这项研究的结果，讨论了在未来民用基础设施中使用 EM 阻尼器进行减振和能量收集的前景和挑战。该模型通过一系列小型线性 EM 阻尼器的动态测试得到进一步验证，该阻尼器在 MTS 机器上以不同频率和幅度进行循环测试。建模和测试结果之间的良好匹配清楚地表明，所描述的模型可以很好地预测线性 EM 阻尼器和能量收集电路的性能。根据这项研究的结果，讨论了在未来民用基础设施中使用 EM 阻尼器进行减振和能量收集的前景和挑战。建模和测试结果之间的良好匹配清楚地表明，所描述的模型可以很好地预测线性 EM 阻尼器和能量收集电路的性能。根据这项研究的结果，讨论了在未来民用基础设施中使用 EM 阻尼器进行减振和能量收集的前景和挑战。建模和测试结果之间的良好匹配清楚地表明，所描述的模型可以很好地预测线性 EM 阻尼器和能量收集电路的性能。根据这项研究的结果，讨论了在未来民用基础设施中使用 EM 阻尼器进行减振和能量收集的前景和挑战。