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Performance of subsurface drainage implemented with trencher and trenchless machineries
Agricultural Water Management ( IF 5.9 ) Pub Date : 2019-03-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2018.12.010
Heidi Salo , Ilkka Mellin , Markus Sikkilä , Jyrki Nurminen , Helena Äijö , Maija Paasonen-Kivekäs , Seija Virtanen , Harri Koivusalo

Abstract The trenchless (T0) and trencher (T1) drainage installation methods are widely applied in Finland. There is an ongoing debate and a lack of science-based information about the performance differences between the methods. The objective was to assess drainage performance differences between T0 and T1 by analyzing groundwater table observations from field sections drained with the two methods. The differences were studied by using statistical analysis over a two-year period after the drainage installation. An experimental field in middle-Finland was divided into four T0 sections and four T1 sections. The groundwater level was manually measured about twice a week from seven locations in each section. Automatic recording was installed in one T0 section and one T1 section. The manual observations formed 56 time series, which were tested between the same-method plots (T0-T0 and T1-T1) and the different-method plots (T0-T1). Automatic data was used to validate the manual observations. In the T0 sections, 60–90% of the groundwater level observations were higher than those in the T1 sections. These observations had an average difference of 0.14–0.25 m. The variation in the groundwater level time series was larger between the T0 sections than between the T1 sections. Statistically significant differences between the same method field sections indicated that other factors also affected the groundwater table (soil type, etc.). However, the differences between T0 and T1 were stronger than those between the same-method sections, and the differences were clearest when the groundwater levels were above the drain depth (1.0 m). In the seasonal time series, the biggest differences were found during the autumn and winter periods. The average differences between T0 and T1 might not be significant in practice, but occasional larger (> 0.4 m) differences may have a short-term influence on field activities and crop growth.

中文翻译:

使用开沟机和非开挖机械实施的地下排水性能

摘要 芬兰广泛采用非开挖(T0)和开沟(T1)排水安装方式。关于这些方法之间的性能差异,存在持续的争论并且缺乏基于科学的信息。目的是通过分析使用两种方法排水的现场剖面的地下水位观察结果来评估 T0 和 T1 之间的排水性能差异。在排水装置安装后的两年期间,通过使用统计分析来研究差异。芬兰中部的一个试验田分为四个T0段和四个T1段。每周大约两次从每个部分的七个地点手动测量地下水位。一个T0段和一个T1段安装了自动记录。人工观测形成了 56 个时间序列,在相同方法图(T0-T0 和 T1-T1)和不同方法图(T0-T1)之间进行测试。自动数据用于验证手动观察。T0断面60%~90%的地下水位观测值高于T1断面。这些观察结果的平均差异为 0.14-0.25 m。地下水位时间序列的变化在 T0 段之间比在 T1 段之间更大。相同方法田间断面之间的统计学显着差异表明,其他因素也影响地下水位(土壤类型等)。但T0和T1的差异比同方法断面的差异要大,当地下水位在排水深度(1.0 m)以上时差异最为明显。在季节性时间序列中,最大的差异发生在秋季和冬季。T0 和 T1 之间的平均差异在实践中可能并不显着,但偶尔较大(> 0.4 m)的差异可能会对田间活动和作物生长产生短期影响。
更新日期:2019-03-01
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