在水产养殖中使用慢砂过滤器改善水质和生物膜控制的证据——案例研究,Aquacultural Engineering

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在水产养殖中使用慢砂过滤器改善水质和生物膜控制的证据——案例研究
Aquacultural Engineering ( IF 3.6 ) Pub Date : 2019-05-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaeng.2019.03.003
Fernando Freitas de Oliveira , Renata Guimarães Moreira , René Peter Schneider

摘要比较了快速砂滤器（RSF，12 m3 m-2 h-1）和快速砂滤器后接慢速砂滤器（RSF-SSF，0.1 m3 m-2 h-1），以研究在在 31 天的试验期内，RSF-SSF 将改善海水养殖中暗色石斑鱼幼鱼的浊度降低和生物膜生长的控制。RSF-SSF 组合生产的水浊度低于 RSF，SSF 有效减少了 RSF 中的浊度突破。SSF 滤液 (MGP, 3.2 ± 0,1 logCFU) 中的 SSF 滤液 (MGP, 3.2 ± 0,1 logCFU) 显着小于 RSF 滤液 (3.9 ± 0,6 logCFU) . 加入 RSF-SSF 和 RSF 流出物的鱼缸的浊度分别保持在 1 NTU 和 6 NTU 以下，尽管鱼没有吃掉大量的食物，而且鱼缸仍然对大气开放。PVC 样品的表面生物污垢通过蛋白质和碳水化合物分析进行评估。在使用 RSF-SSF 处理过的水操作的储罐底部，这种情况不太明显，但在两种类型的水的储罐壁上相似。碳水化合物在底部生物膜中的含量远大于蛋白质，但在壁生物膜中则相反。硅藻在 RSF 中占主导地位，但在 RSF-SSF 水箱生物膜中不占优势。两种水体的暗色石斑鱼存活和生长情况相似。在 SSF 预处理中实现的降低微生物生长潜力的好处在较小的水箱表面生物膜定植和水箱中较低的水浊度中得到了成功。

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Evidence of Improved Water Quality and Biofilm Control by Slow Sand Filters in Aquaculture – a Case Study

Abstract A rapid sand filter (RSF, 12 m3 m−2 h−1) and a rapid sand filter followed by slow sand filter (RSF-SSF, 0.1 m3 m−2 h−1) were compared to investigate whether the biological activity in the RSF-SSF would improve turbidity reduction and control of biofilm growth in seawater aquaculture of juvenile dusky grouper over a 31 days test period. The RSF-SSF combination produced water with lower turbidity than RSF, turbidity breakthroughs in RSF were effectively abated by SSF. Microbial growth potential (MGP) measured by a growth assay with Pseudoalteromonas spongiae in samples filtered through 0,2μm membranes was significantly smaller in SSF filtrate (MGP, 3.2 ± 0,1 logCFU) than in RSF filtrate (3.9 ± 0,6 logCFU). Turbidity in fish tanks fed with RSF-SSF and RSF effluent remained below 1 NTU and 6 NTU, respectively, inspite of the large amount of food not consumed by the fish and of the tanks remaining open to the atmosphere. Surface biofouling on PVC samples was assessed by protein and carbohydrate analysis. It was less pronounced on bottoms of tanks operated with RSF-SSF treated water but similar on tank walls for both types of water. Carbohydrates were present in much larger quantities than proteins in bottom biofilms, but the opposite occurred in wall biofilms. Diatoms were dominant in RSF but not in RSF-SSF tank biofilms. Dusky grouper survival and growth was similar for the two types of water. The benefit of reduction of microbial growth potential achieved in SSF pretreatment was successfully captured in lesser tank surfaces biofilm colonization and by lower water turbidity in the tanks.

更新日期：2019-05-01

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