Neurodegenerative diseases are debilitating disorders that feature progressive and selective loss of function or structure of anatomically or physiologically associated neuronal systems. Both chronic and acute neurodegenerative diseases are associated with high morbidity and mortality along with the death of neurons in different areas of the brain; moreover, there are few or no effective curative therapy options for treating these disorders. There is an urgent need to diagnose neurodegenerative disease as early as possible, and to distinguish between different disorders with overlapping symptoms that will help to decide the best clinical treatment. Recently, in neurodegenerative disease research, fluorescent‐probe‐mediated biomarker visualization techniques have been gaining increasing attention for the early diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases. A survey of fluorescent probes for sensing and imaging biomarkers of neurodegenerative diseases is provided. These imaging probes are categorized based on the different potential biomarkers of various neurodegenerative diseases, and their advantages and disadvantages are discussed. Guides to develop new sensing strategies, recognition mechanisms, as well as the ideal features to further improve neurodegenerative disease fluorescence imaging are also explored.

中文翻译：

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神经退行性疾病的荧光诊断探针。

神经退行性疾病是一种使人衰弱的疾病，其特征是解剖学或生理学相关神经元系统的功能或结构进行性和选择性丧失。慢性和急性神经退行性疾病都与高发病率和死亡率以及大脑不同区域的神经元死亡有关；此外，治疗这些疾病的有效疗法选择很少或没有。迫切需要尽早诊断神经退行性疾病，并区分具有重叠症状的不同疾病，这将有助于决定最佳的临床治疗方法。最近，在神经退行性疾病的研究中，荧光探针介导的生物标志物可视化技术在神经退行性疾病的早期诊断中越来越受到关注。提供了用于传感和成像神经退行性疾病生物标志物的荧光探针的调查。这些成像探针根据各种神经退行性疾病的不同潜在生物标志物进行分类，并讨论了它们的优缺点。还探索了开发新的传感策略、识别机制以及进一步改善神经退行性疾病荧光成像的理想特征的指南。并讨论了它们的优缺点。还探索了开发新的传感策略、识别机制以及进一步改善神经退行性疾病荧光成像的理想特征的指南。并讨论了它们的优缺点。还探索了开发新的传感策略、识别机制以及进一步改善神经退行性疾病荧光成像的理想特征的指南。