汉坦病毒病的病理生理学、诊断策略和治疗方法；回顾。,Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology

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汉坦病毒病的病理生理学、诊断策略和治疗方法；回顾。
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology ( IF 2.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-07 , DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13403
Naveed Munir ₁ , Muhammad Jahangeer ₁ , Shoukat Hussain ₁ , Zahed Mahmood ₁ , Mehvish Ashiq ₂ , Fatima Ehsan ₁ , Muhammad Akram ₃ , Syed Muhammad Ali Shah ₃ , Muhammad Riaz ₄ , Aneezah Sana ₁

Affiliation

汉坦病毒属有包膜负（-）单链RNA病毒，属于汉坦病毒科，以小型啮齿类动物为宿主，通过吸入进入人体，引起肾综合征出血热（HFRS）和汉坦病毒肺综合征（HPS），又称汉坦病毒心肺综合征（HCPS）。汉坦病毒每年在全世界感染约20万人以上，死亡率约为35%–40%。汉坦病毒在影响靶细胞方面发挥着重要作用，因为它们抑制这些细胞中的凋亡因子。这些病毒由于过度的先天免疫反应而损害内皮屏障的完整性，这种反应被认为是发病机制的核心，也是汉坦病毒病的一个标志。使用多种不同的诊断工具，包括聚合酶链反应 (PCR)、焦点还原中和试验 (FRNT)、酶联免疫吸附测定 (ELISA)、免疫印迹测定 (IBA)、免疫荧光测定 (IFA) 和其他分子技术作为人体内汉坦病毒的检测工具。现在，治疗方法的可用性是控制这种致命病毒的主要挑战，因为仍然没有 FDA 批准的药物或疫苗可用。抗病毒剂、基于 DNA 的疫苗、多克隆和单克隆抗体可以中和病毒，因此这些技术被认为是治疗汉坦病毒病的希望。本综述旨在全面概述汉坦病毒病、其病理生理学、诊断工具和控制汉坦病毒感染的治疗方法。

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Hantavirus diseases pathophysiology, their diagnostic strategies and therapeutic approaches; a review.

Hantaviruses are enveloped negative (−) single‐stranded RNA viruses belongs to Hantaviridae family, hosted by small rodents and entering into the human body through inhalation, causing haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) also known as hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS). Hantaviruses infect approximately more than 200 000 people annually all around the world and its mortality rate is about 35%–40%. Hantaviruses play significant role in affecting the target cells as these inhibit the apoptotic factor in these cells. These viruses impair the integrity of endothelial barrier due to an excessive innate immune response that is proposed to be central in the pathogenesis and is a hallmark of hantavirus disease. A wide range of different diagnostic tools including polymerase chain reaction (PCR), focus reduction neutralization test (FRNT), enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), immunoblot assay (IBA), immunofluorescence assay (IFA), and other molecular techniques are used as detection tools for hantavirus in the human body. Now the availability of therapeutic modalities is the major challenge to control this deadly virus because still no FDA approved drug or vaccine is available. Antiviral agents, DNA‐based vaccines, polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies neutralized the viruses so these techniques are considered as the hope for the treatment of hantavirus disease. This review has been compiled to provide a comprehensive overview of hantaviruses disease, its pathophysiology, diagnostic tools and the treatment approaches to control the hantavirus infection.

更新日期：2020-09-07

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