Biochar is a carbon-rich material that can be obtained from pyrolysis of solid waste (e.g., agricultural solid waste and sludge from wastewater treatment plants). Biochar features low cost, large specific surface area, and strong adsorption capacity. New biochar composites can be produced via modification and loading of nano particles onto biochar. Biochar can contribute to the dispersion and stabilization of nano particles. In addition, nano particles can increase the number of surface-active sites, which improves the physicochemical properties of the material. Biochar and biochar composites have been applied widely in wastewater treatment, and have significantly enhanced the treatment performance of Fenton-like processes (activation of hydrogen peroxide and persulfate) as an advanced oxidation process for organics removal and wastewater decontamination. This paper reviews the preparation methods for biochar and biochar composites to systematically analyze the influential factors on the preparation process. The paper also comprehensively reviews the mechanisms by which biochar removes different organic pollutants. However, due to the vast number of different biochar feedstocks and their preparation methods, it is difficult to compare the properties of one biochar to another. Guidance if provided for the application of biochar and biochar composites for wastewater decontamination.

生物炭是一种富含碳的材料，可以通过热解固体废物（例如，农业固体废物和废水处理厂的污泥）获得。生物炭具有成本低，比表面积大，吸附能力强的特点。新的生物炭复合材料可以通过将纳米颗粒改性并装载到生物炭上来生产。生物炭可以促进纳米颗粒的分散和稳定。另外，纳米颗粒可以增加表面活性位点的数量，从而改善了材料的物理化学性质。生物炭和生物炭复合材料已广泛应用于废水处理中，并显着增强了Fenton样工艺（过氧化氢和过硫酸盐的活化）的处理性能，这是一种用于有机物去除和废水净化的高级氧化工艺。本文综述了生物炭和生物炭复合材料的制备方法，系统地分析了其影响因素。本文还全面回顾了生物炭去除不同有机污染物的机理。然而，由于大量不同的生物炭原料及其制备方法，难以将一种生物炭与另一种生物炭的性质进行比较。是否提供了将生物炭和生物炭复合材料用于废水净化的指南。本文综述了生物炭和生物炭复合材料的制备方法，系统地分析了其影响因素。本文还全面回顾了生物炭去除不同有机污染物的机理。然而，由于大量不同的生物炭原料及其制备方法，难以将一种生物炭与另一种生物炭的性质进行比较。是否提供了将生物炭和生物炭复合材料用于废水净化的指南。本文综述了生物炭和生物炭复合材料的制备方法，系统地分析了其影响因素。本文还全面回顾了生物炭去除不同有机污染物的机理。然而，由于大量不同的生物炭原料及其制备方法，难以将一种生物炭与另一种生物炭的性质进行比较。是否提供了将生物炭和生物炭复合材料用于废水净化的指南。很难将一种生物炭的特性与另一种生物炭进行比较。是否提供了将生物炭和生物炭复合材料用于废水净化的指南。很难将一种生物炭的特性与另一种生物炭进行比较。是否提供了将生物炭和生物炭复合材料用于废水净化的指南。