Mycotoxins are toxic fungal metabolites, contaminating cereal grains in field or during processing and storage periods. These environmental contaminants pose great threats to humans and animals’ health due to their toxic effects. Type A trichothecenes, fumonisins and fusaric acid (FA) are commonly detected mycotoxins produced by various Fusarium species. Trichoderma spp. are promising antagonists in agriculture for their activities against plant pathogens, and also regarded as potential candidates for bioremediation of environmental contaminants. Managing toxigenic fungi by antagonistic Trichoderma is regarded as a sustainable and eco-friendly strategy for mycotoxin control. However, the metabolic activities of Trichoderma on natural occurring mycotoxins were less investigated. Our current work comprehensively explored the activities of Trichoderma against type A trichothecenes, fumonisins and FA producing Fusarium species via co-culture competition and indirect volatile assays. Furthermore, we investigated metabolism of type A trichothecenes and FA in Trichoderma isolates. Results indicated that Trichoderma were capable of bio-transforming T-2 toxin, HT-2 toxin, diacetoxyscirpenol and neosolaniol into their glycosylated forms and one Trichoderma strain could bio transform FA into low toxic fusarinol. These findings proved that Trichoderma isolates could manage toxigenic Fusarium via direct competition and volatile-mediated indirect inhibition. In addition, these antagonists possess defensive systems against mycotoxins for self-protection, which enriches our understanding on the interaction mechanism of Trichoderma spp. on toxigenic fungus.

霉菌毒素是有毒的真菌代谢产物，在田间或加工和储存期间会污染谷物。这些环境污染物由于其毒性作用而对人类和动物的健康构成极大威胁。通常检测到各种镰刀菌产生的霉菌毒素是A型毛孢菌素，伏马毒素和富马酸（FA）。木霉属。在农业上是有希望的拮抗剂，因为它们具有抗植物病原体的活性，也被认为是对环境污染物进行生物修复的潜在候选者。通过拮抗木霉菌来管理产毒真菌被认为是控制真菌毒素的一种可持续且环保的策略。但是，木霉的代谢活性关于天然存在的真菌毒素的研究较少。我们目前的工作通过共培养竞争和间接挥发分析全面探讨了木霉菌对A型毛霉菌，伏马菌素和产生FA的镰刀菌属物种的活性。此外，我们调查了木霉菌株中A型毛霉菌素和FA的代谢。结果表明，木霉能够将T-2毒素，HT-2毒素，二乙酰氧基scirpenol和新松香醇生物转化为糖基化形式，并且一株木霉菌可以将FA转化为低毒富沙林醇。这些发现证明木霉分离物可以控制产毒镰刀菌通过直接竞争和挥发性介导的间接抑制。此外，这些拮抗剂具有针对霉菌毒素的防御系统以实现自我保护，这丰富了我们对木霉属菌种相互作用机制的认识。对产毒真菌。