Uranium (U) is the main raw material in the nuclear industry and is also one of the most hazardous contaminants because of its radioactivity and chemical toxicity. In this study, we present a highly selective and efficient strategy for U(VI) separation and recovery by using a succinyl-β-cyclodextrin-based membrane (SβCDM). The prepared SβCDM achieved equilibrium in 60 min and the equilibrium isotherm was fitted well by the Langmuir model with a maximum U(VI) capacity of 378.8 mg g⁻¹. The maximum dynamic adsorption capacity of SβCDM reached 500.0 mg g⁻¹ under 1 bar operation pressure within 20 min. Moreover, SβCDM could be easily regenerated with a U(VI) recovery of 90% even after ten adsorption–desorption cycles. Noteworthily, SβCDM exhibited a high selectivity for U(VI) when other competitive metal ions and anions existed. The density functional theory (DFT) calculations and extended X-ray absorption fine structure studies demonstrated that the synergistic spatial effect and coordinate effect boosted the overall uranyl affinity of SβCDM. We also prepared membrane modules with great U(VI) adsorption performance in natural seawater. These findings highlight many advantages of SβCDM over traditional membrane-type adsorbents in U(VI) extraction.

中文翻译：

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生物启发的琥珀酰-β-环糊精膜可增强铀的提取和回收

铀（U）是核工业的主要原材料，并且由于其放射性和化学毒性，也是最危险的污染物之一。在这项研究中，我们通过使用基于琥珀酰-β-环糊精的膜（SβCDM），提供了一种用于U（VI）分离和回收的高度选择性和高效的策略。制备的SβCDM在60分钟内达到平衡，并且通过Langmuir模型很好地拟合了平衡等温线，最大U（VI）容量为378.8mg g ^-1。在20分钟内，在1 bar的工作压力下，SβCDM的最大动态吸附容量达到500.0 mg g ^-1。而且，SβCDM可以很容易地用U（VI）即使经过十次吸附-解吸循环，回收率仍达到90％。值得注意的是，当存在其他竞争性金属离子和阴离子时，SβCDM对U（VI）表现出高选择性。密度泛函理论（DFT）的计算和扩展的X射线吸收精细结构研究表明，协同的空间效应和协同效应提高了SβCDM的整体铀酰亲和力。我们还制备了在天然海水中具有出色的U（VI）吸附性能的膜组件。这些发现凸显了SβCDM在U（VI）萃取中优于传统膜型吸附剂的许多优势。