Maintaining an adequate phosphorus (P) supply for plants and microorganisms is central to agricultural production; however, the long-term effects of organic manure and inorganic fertilizer application on soil P cycling remain unclear. Organic P cycling in a sandy loam soil receiving medium and high rates of farmyard manure (FYM) with and without mineral fertilisers was studied in a long-term field experiment with ¹⁴C/³³P isotope labelling and metagenomic shotgun sequencing. FYM application alone negatively affected soil total P and organic P (P_o) accumulation by enhancing crop offtake, enhancing P_o mineralisation and stimulating P loss from the topsoil by reducing its P sorption potential. The P mineralisation/immobilisation rates detected by the ³³P pool dilution method were significantly correlated with the abundance of microbial P cycling genes. Soil available C and N concentrations were related to gross P mineralisation/immobilisation rates and the abundance of P uptake/scavenging genes. Microbial genes related to P uptake and metabolism were more abundant than P scavenging genes, while P scavenging genes may work efficiently as both of them can sustain similar P mineralisation and immobilisation rates. The addition of FYM also promoted phosphatase activity reflecting the increased supply of P_o in these soils. Our study demonstrates that long-term FYM application alters soil P_o stocks and cycling, and that microbial functional gene abundance was coupled with P cycling rates.

维持植物和微生物的充足磷供应对农业生产至关重要；然而，有机肥和无机肥对土壤磷循环的长期影响尚不清楚。在一项长期的田间试验中，采用¹⁴ C / ³³ P同位素标记和宏基因组shot弹枪测序，研究了接受中等肥料和不使用矿物肥料的高比率农家肥（FYM）在沙壤土上的有机P循环 。单独施用FYM会通过增加作物吸收，增加P _o对土壤总磷和有机磷（P _o）的积累产生负面影响_。通过降低其对P的吸附潜力来矿化和刺激P从表层土壤中流失。通过³³ P库稀释法检测到的P矿化/固定化速率 与微生物P循环基因的丰度显着相关。土壤有效碳和氮浓度与总磷矿化/固着率和磷吸收/清除基因的丰度有关。与P吸收和代谢相关的微生物基因比P清除基因丰富，而P清除基因可能有效地起作用，因为它们都可以维持相似的P矿化和固定化速率。FYM的添加还促进了磷酸酶活性，反映了P _o的供应增加_。在这些土壤中。我们的研究表明，长期的FYM施用会改变土壤P _o的储量和循环，而微生物功能基因的丰度与P的循环率相关。