Functional Roles of B-Vitamins in the Gut and Gut Microbiome.,Molecular Nutrition & Food Research

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Functional Roles of B-Vitamins in the Gut and Gut Microbiome.
Molecular Nutrition & Food Research ( IF 4.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-06 , DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202000426
Takashi Uebanso ₁ , Takaaki Shimohata ₁ , Kazuaki Mawatari ₁ , Akira Takahashi ₁

Affiliation

The gut microbiota produce hundreds of bioactive compounds, including B‐vitamins, which play significant physiological roles in hosts by supporting the fitness of symbiotic species and suppressing the growth of competitive species. B‐vitamins are also essential to the host and certain gut bacterium. Although dietary B‐vitamins are mainly absorbed from the small intestine, excess B‐vitamins unable to be absorbed in the small intestine are supplied to the distal gut. In addition, B‐vitamins are supplied from biosynthesis by distal gut microbiota. B‐vitamins in the distal colon may perform many important functions in the body. They act as 1) nutrients for a host and their microbiota, 2) regulators of immune cell activity, 3) mediators of drug efficacy, 4) supporters of survival, or the fitness of certain bacterium, 5) suppressors of colonization by pathogenic bacteria, and 6) modulators of colitis. Insights into basic biophysical principles, including the bioavailability of B‐vitamins and their derivatives in the distal gut are still not fully elucidated. Here, the function of single B‐vitamin in the distal gut including their roles in relation to bacteria are briefly reviewed. The prospect of extending analytical methods to better understand the role of B‐vitamins in the gut is also explored.

中文翻译：

B 族维生素在肠道和肠道微生物群中的功能作用。

肠道微生物群产生数百种生物活性化合物，包括维生素 B，它们通过支持共生物种的适应性和抑制竞争物种的生长，在宿主中发挥重要的生理作用。B 族维生素对宿主和某些肠道细菌也是必不可少的。虽然膳食中的 B 族维生素主要从小肠吸收，但小肠无法吸收的多余 B 族维生素被供应到远端肠道。此外，B 族维生素由远端肠道微生物群的生物合成提供。远端结肠中的 B 族维生素可以在体内执行许多重要的功能。它们充当 1) 宿主及其微生物群的营养物质，2) 免疫细胞活性的调节剂，3) 药物功效的介质，4) 生存的支持者，或某些细菌的适应性，5) 病原菌定植抑制剂，和 6) 结肠炎调节剂。对基本生物物理学原理的见解，包括 B 族维生素及其衍生物在远端肠道中的生物利用度仍未完全阐明。在此，简要回顾了单一 B 族维生素在远端肠道中的功能，包括它们与细菌相关的作用。还探讨了扩展分析方法以更好地了解 B 族维生素在肠道中的作用的前景。

更新日期：2020-09-22

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