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Development of a Novel Curing Accelerator-Blowing Agent for Formulating Epoxy Rigid Foam Containing Aminated-Lignin
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research ( IF 3.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-05 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c02738 Saeid Nikafshar 1 , Zhen Fang 2, 3 , Mojgan Nejad 1, 4
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research ( IF 3.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-05 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c02738 Saeid Nikafshar 1 , Zhen Fang 2, 3 , Mojgan Nejad 1, 4
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Rapid curing of epoxy foams at room temperature is critical to reducing energy consumption and processing time at the manufacturing sites. In this work, a novel ultra-accelerator was developed by mixing calcium carbonate with nitric acid, which acted as a blowing agent and remarkably stimulated foam hardening. Softwood kraft lignin was aminated via Mannich reaction and utilized as a cohardener to cure commercial diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) to formulate a series of epoxy foams. The foams prepared with this novel accelerator-blowing agent were cured in 1 min at room temperature, which is significantly lower than the time (usually several hours at low temperatures) that takes for an epoxy foam to cure using currently available hardeners in the market, that is, primary amine (m-phenylenediamine) or anhydride (methyltetrahydrophthalic anhydride). Also, use of this novel blowing agent provided opportunities to prepare an epoxy foam at room temperature without the need to postcure. On the other hand, epoxy foams cured by aminated-lignin (EFAL) displayed comparable thermal stability to epoxy foams cured with a pure petroleum-based hardener [isophorone diamine (IPDA)]. Benefiting from the rigidity of the aromatic skeleton of lignin, the epoxy foam EFAL-15, which was prepared by using 15 wt % (based on the epoxy resin) of aminated-lignin as a cohardener, showed much higher compressive strength (6466 kPa) than the foam cured using commercial hardener IPDA (3437 kPa).
中文翻译：
新型用于固化含胺化木质素的环氧硬泡的固化促进剂-发泡剂的研制
在室温下快速固化环氧泡沫对于减少生产现场的能耗和加工时间至关重要。在这项工作中，通过将碳酸钙与硝酸混合，开发了一种新型的超促进剂，硝酸起着发泡剂的作用，并显着促进了泡沫的硬化。软木牛皮纸木质素通过曼尼希（Mannich）反应胺化，并用作共固化剂，以固化商用双酚A的二缩水甘油醚（DGEBA），从而配制出一系列环氧泡沫塑料。用这种新型促进剂发泡剂制备的泡沫在室温下固化1分钟，这明显低于使用市场上现有的固化剂使环氧泡沫固化所需的时间（通常在低温下为数小时），即伯胺（m-苯二胺）或酸酐（甲基四氢邻苯二甲酸酐）。同样，使用这种新颖的发泡剂提供了在无需后固化的情况下在室温下制备环氧泡沫的机会。另一方面，通过胺化木质素（EFAL）固化的环氧泡沫塑料显示出与使用纯石油基硬化剂[异佛尔酮二胺（IPDA）]固化的环氧泡沫塑料相当的热稳定性。得益于木质素芳烃骨架的刚性，使用15％（基于环氧树脂）的胺化木质素作为辅助固化剂制备的环氧泡沫EFAL-15具有更高的抗压强度（6466 kPa）比使用商用固化剂IPDA（3437 kPa）固化的泡沫。
更新日期：2020-08-26
中文翻译：
新型用于固化含胺化木质素的环氧硬泡的固化促进剂-发泡剂的研制
在室温下快速固化环氧泡沫对于减少生产现场的能耗和加工时间至关重要。在这项工作中，通过将碳酸钙与硝酸混合，开发了一种新型的超促进剂，硝酸起着发泡剂的作用，并显着促进了泡沫的硬化。软木牛皮纸木质素通过曼尼希（Mannich）反应胺化，并用作共固化剂，以固化商用双酚A的二缩水甘油醚（DGEBA），从而配制出一系列环氧泡沫塑料。用这种新型促进剂发泡剂制备的泡沫在室温下固化1分钟，这明显低于使用市场上现有的固化剂使环氧泡沫固化所需的时间（通常在低温下为数小时），即伯胺（m-苯二胺）或酸酐（甲基四氢邻苯二甲酸酐）。同样，使用这种新颖的发泡剂提供了在无需后固化的情况下在室温下制备环氧泡沫的机会。另一方面，通过胺化木质素（EFAL）固化的环氧泡沫塑料显示出与使用纯石油基硬化剂[异佛尔酮二胺（IPDA）]固化的环氧泡沫塑料相当的热稳定性。得益于木质素芳烃骨架的刚性，使用15％（基于环氧树脂）的胺化木质素作为辅助固化剂制备的环氧泡沫EFAL-15具有更高的抗压强度（6466 kPa）比使用商用固化剂IPDA（3437 kPa）固化的泡沫。
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