Catalytic transformations involving metal carbenes are considered one of the most important aspects of homogeneous transition metal catalysis. Recently, gold-catalyzed generation of gold carbenes from readily available alkynes represents a significant advance in metal carbene chemistry. This Review summarizes the advances in the gold-catalyzed nitrene-transfer reactions of alkynes with nitrogen-transfer reagents, such as azides, nitrogen ylides, isoxazoles, and anthranils, and gold-catalyzed carbene-transfer reactions, involving oxygen atom-transfer reactions of alkynes with nitro compounds, nitrones, sulfoxides, and pyridine N-oxides, through the presumable α-imino gold carbene and α-oxo gold carbene intermediates, respectively. Gold-catalyzed processes are reviewed by highlighting their product diversity, selectivity, and applicability, and the mechanistic rationale is presented where possible.

中文翻译：

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金催化中的氮烯转移和卡宾转移

涉及金属卡宾的催化转化被认为是均相过渡金属催化最重要的方面之一。最近，金催化从容易获得的炔烃生成金卡宾代表了金属卡宾化学的重大进步。这篇综述总结了炔烃与氮转移试剂如叠氮化物、氮叶立德、异恶唑和邻氨基苯甲醚的金催化氮烯转移反应以及金催化的卡宾转移反应的进展，包括氧原子转移反应。炔烃与硝基化合物、硝酮、亚砜和吡啶N-氧化物，分别通过可能的α-亚氨基金卡宾和α-氧代金卡宾中间体。通过突出其产品多样性、选择性和适用性来审查金催化工艺，并在可能的情况下介绍机械原理。