Purpose of Review

South Asia is highly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change, owing to the high dependency on climate-sensitive livelihoods and recurrent extreme events. Consequently, an increasing number of households are adopting labour migration as a livelihood strategy to diversify incomes, spread risks, and meet aspirations. Under the Collaborative Adaptation Research Initiative in Africa and Asia (CARIAA) initiative, four research consortia have investigated migration patterns and their inherent linkages to adaptation to climate change in climate hotspots. This article synthesizes key findings in regional context of South Asia.

Recent Findings

The synthesis suggests that in climate-sensitive hotspots, migration is an important livelihood diversification strategy and a response to various risks, including climate change. Typically, one or more household members, often young men, migrated internally or internationally to work in predominantly informal sectors. Remittances helped spatially diversify household income, spread risks, and insure against external stressors. The outcomes of migration are often influenced by who moves, where to, and what capacities they possess.

Summary

Migration was found to help improve household adaptive capacity, albeit in a limited capacity. Migration was mainly used as a response to risk and uncertainty, but with potential to have positive adaptation co-benefits.

中文翻译：

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南亚气候敏感热点地区的移民和家庭适应

审查目的

由于高度依赖气候敏感的生计和反复发生的极端事件，南亚极易受到气候变化的影响。因此，越来越多的家庭将劳务移民作为一种生计策略，以实现收入多元化、分散风险和满足愿望。在非洲和亚洲合作适应研究计划（CARIAA）的倡议下，四个研究联盟调查了气候热点地区的移民模式及其与适应气候变化的内在联系。本文综合了南亚区域背景下的主要发现。

最近的发现

综合表明，在气候敏感热点地区，移民是一项重要的生计多样化战略，也是对包括气候变化在内的各种风险的应对措施。通常，一名或多名家庭成员（通常是年轻男性）在国内或国际上移徙，在主要是非正规部门工作。汇款有助于实现家庭收入的空间多元化、分散风险并防范外部压力。移徙的结果往往受到移徙者、移往何处以及他们拥有什么能力的影响。

概括

研究发现，移民有助于提高家庭的适应能力，尽管能力有限。移民主要被用来应对风险和不确定性，但有可能产生积极的适应协同效益。