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Electrically Conductive Carbon Aerogels with High Salt-Resistance for Efficient Solar-Driven Interfacial Evaporation.
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces ( IF 8.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-01 , DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c06836
Lingxiao Li 1 , Tao Hu 1 , An Li 2 , Junping Zhang 1
Affiliation  

Solar-driven interfacial evaporation (SIE) is a promising approach for obtaining clean water but suffers from serious salt-fouling and poor long-term performance in seawater. Here, we report a high-performance salt-resistant SIE system from the perspective of nature sustainability. An electrically conductive and magnetic carbon aerogel is prepared by carbonization of Fe3O4-modified cellulose that originated from waste paper, and then its external surface is activated using O2-plasma, forming the Janus superhydrophilic/superhydrophobic structure. The superhydrophilic external surface of the aerogel with macroporous skeleton assures ultrafast and adequate water supply and salt diffusion, while the superhydrophobic interior is the thermal insulator hindering water/salt infiltration. Benefiting from high solar absorption (∼97%), low thermal conductivity, unique Janus structure, and photothermal/electrothermal effects, the aerogel shows high evaporation rate (2.1 kg m–2 h–1, 1 sun) for simulated seawater. The aerogel features the following remarkable long-term salt-antifouling performance: (i) >20 d continuous evaporation in simulated seawater without degradation, even in 10 wt % NaCl solution, and (ii) >50 h continuous evaporation without seawater replenishment. Moreover, heavy metal ions, soluble organics, and oil can be completely removed from complex wastewater by the aerogel. This study offers an alternative approach in achieving clean water via SIE of seawater and complex wastewater.

中文翻译:

具有高耐盐性的导电碳气凝胶,可实现高效的太阳能驱动界面蒸发。

太阳能驱动的界面蒸发(SIE)是获得清洁水的一种有前途的方法,但遭受严重的盐污染和海水长期性能差的困扰。在这里,我们从自然可持续性的角度报告了一种高性能的耐盐SIE系统。通过碳化源自废纸的Fe 3 O 4改性纤维素制备导电和磁性的碳气凝胶,然后使用O 2活化其外表面-血浆,形成Janus超亲水/超疏水结构。气凝胶具有大孔骨架的超亲水性外表面可确保超快速且充足的水供应和盐分扩散,而超疏水性内部则是阻碍水/盐渗透的绝热体。得益于高的太阳能吸收率(〜97%),低的热导率,独特的Janus结构以及光热/电热效应,气凝胶显示出高蒸发速率(2.1 kg m –2 h –1,1个太阳)以模拟海水。气凝胶具有以下卓越的长期防盐性能:(i)即使在10 wt%的NaCl溶液中,在模拟海水中连续蒸发> 20 d也不会降解,并且(ii)在没有补充海水的情况下连续蒸发> 50 h。此外,气凝胶可以从复杂的废水中完全去除重金属离子,可溶性有机物和油。这项研究为通过海水和复杂废水的SIE获得清洁水提供了另一种方法。
更新日期:2020-07-15
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