Ctenohystrica 啮齿动物皮下肌肉的进化转化（啮齿类：Diatomyidae、Ctenodactylidae 和 Hystricognathi）,Journal of Morphology

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Ctenohystrica 啮齿动物皮下肌肉的进化转化（啮齿类：Diatomyidae、Ctenodactylidae 和 Hystricognathi）
Journal of Morphology ( IF 1.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-17 , DOI: 10.1002/jmor.21221
Olga Zherebtsova ₁ , Vladimir Platonov ₁

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本研究检查了一种遗存物种 Laonastes aenigmamus (Diatomyidae) 和两种栉类动物 (Ctenodactylidae: Ctenodactylus gundi 和 Pectinator spekei) 的皮下肌肉 (m. cutaneus trunci)，根据当前的系统发育假设，它们与 Laonastes 密切相关。比较形态学分析还包括 Hystricognathi 的四个代表：Echimys sp.、Proechimys sp.、Cercomys cunicularis 和 Hystrix indica。Laonastes 和 ctenodactylids 在 m 的形态中具有许多共同的祖先特征。躯干皮肤。这表明它们可能与 Ctenohystrica 的祖先形式有关。然而，Diatomyidae 和 Ctenodactylidae 皮下肌肉的结构相似性不仅基于 plesiomorphic (m. cutaneus trunci 内侧头的存在)，但也存在于 Ctenohystrica 的两个分支（Ctenodactiloidea 和 Hystricognathi）共有的变形（胸腹部分的发育）特征。比较分析的结果为 m 的进化转变提出了一个新的方案。在 Ctenohystrica 进化枝内的 cutaneus trunci。这种情况与早期的建议不同，并提出了皮下肌肉的初步分化及其可能的二次简化，但在新的基础上。在这个新的基础上，皮下肌肉复杂性的进一步二次增加似乎可能是对 hystricognaths 的各种适应性的反应。比较分析的结果为 m 的进化转变提出了一个新的方案。在 Ctenohystrica 进化枝内的 cutaneus trunci。这种情况与早期的建议不同，并提出了皮下肌肉的初步分化及其可能的二次简化，但在新的基础上。在这个新的基础上，皮下肌肉复杂性的进一步二次增加似乎可能是对 hystricognaths 的各种适应性的反应。比较分析的结果为 m 的进化转变提出了一个新的方案。在 Ctenohystrica 进化枝内的 cutaneus trunci。这种情况与早期的建议不同，并提出了皮下肌肉的初步分化及其可能的二次简化，但在新的基础上。在这个新的基础上，皮下肌肉复杂性的进一步二次增加似乎可能是对 hystricognaths 的各种适应性的反应。

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Evolutionary transformation of the subcutaneous muscle in rodents of Ctenohystrica (Rodentia: Diatomyidae, Ctenodactylidae, and Hystricognathi)

The present study examined the subcutaneous muscle (m. cutaneus trunci) in a relict species Laonastes aenigmamus (Diatomyidae) and in two ctenodactylids (Ctenodactylidae: Ctenodactylus gundi and Pectinator spekei), which are closely related to Laonastes according to current phylogenetic hypotheses. The comparative morphological analysis also included four representatives of Hystricognathi: Echimys sp., Proechimys sp., Cercomys cunicularis, and Hystrix indica. Laonastes and ctenodactylids have a number of common ancestral traits in the morphology of m. cutaneus trunci. This suggests that they are probably related to the ancestral forms of Ctenohystrica. However, the structural similarity of the subcutaneous muscle in Diatomyidae and Ctenodactylidae is based not only on plesiomorphic (presence of the medial head of m. cutaneus trunci), but also on an apomorphic (the development of the thoracoabdominal portion) feature which is common to both branches of Ctenohystrica (Ctenodactiloidea and Hystricognathi). The results of the comparative analysis suggest a new scenario for the evolutionary transformations of m. cutaneus trunci within the clade Ctenohystrica. This scenario differs from earlier suggestions and proposes initial differentiation of the subcutaneous muscle and possibly its secondary simplification, but on a new basis. On this new basis a further secondary increase in complexity of subcutaneous muscle appears possible in response to various adaptations in hystricognaths.

更新日期：2020-06-17

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