能量代谢：骨稳态中 BMP 信号传导的新目标,Bone

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能量代谢：骨稳态中 BMP 信号传导的新目标
Bone ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115467
Jingwen Yang ₁ , Hiroki Ueharu ₂ , Yuji Mishina ₂

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能量代谢是从营养物质产生能量（即ATP）的过程。这个过程对于细胞稳态维持和对不同条件的反应是必不可少的。细胞需要能量来生长和维持，并且已经进化为具有多种产生能量的途径。遗传和功能研究都表明，能量代谢，如葡萄糖、脂肪酸和氨基酸代谢，在骨细胞（包括成骨细胞、骨细胞和破骨细胞）的形成和功能中起重要作用。因此，骨细胞中能量代谢的失调会扰乱骨形成和骨吸收之间的平衡。据报道，代谢疾病也会影响骨稳态。骨形态发生蛋白 (BMP) 信号在调节骨细胞的形成和功能方面起着关键作用，从而影响骨骼发育和体内平衡。据报道，小鼠 BMP 信号相关基因的突变在许多组织（包括骨骼）中显示出能量代谢异常。此外，BMP 信号与关键信号通路如 mTOR、HIF、Wnt 和自降解过程自噬相关，以协调能量代谢和骨稳态。这些发现将为 BMP 信号传导和潜在的治疗策略以及改善骨病的管理提供一个新出现的目标。本综述总结了我们对 (1) 能量代谢在调节骨细胞形成和功能方面的理解的最新进展，(2) BMP 信号在全身能量代谢中的功能，

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Energy metabolism: A newly emerging target of BMP signaling in bone homeostasis

Energy metabolism is the process of generating energy (i.e. ATP) from nutrients. This process is indispensable for cell homeostasis maintenance and responses to varying conditions. Cells require energy for growth and maintenance and have evolved to have multiple pathways to produce energy. Both genetic and functional studies have demonstrated that energy metabolism, such as glucose, fatty acid, and amino acid metabolism, plays important roles in the formation and function of bone cells including osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts. Dysregulation of energy metabolism in bone cells consequently disturbs the balance between bone formation and bone resorption. Metabolic diseases have also been reported to affect bone homeostasis. Bone morphogenic protein (BMP) signaling plays critical roles in regulating the formation and function of bone cells, thus affecting bone development and homeostasis. Mutations of BMP signaling-related genes in mice have been reported to show abnormalities in energy metabolism in many tissues, including bone. In addition, BMP signaling correlates with critical signaling pathways such as mTOR, HIF, Wnt, and self-degradative process autophagy to coordinate energy metabolism and bone homeostasis. These findings will provide a newly emerging target of BMP signaling and potential therapeutic strategies and the improved management of bone diseases. This review summarizes the recent advances in our understanding of (1) energy metabolism in regulating the formation and function of bone cells, (2) function of BMP signaling in whole body energy metabolism, and (3) mechanistic interaction of BMP signaling with other signaling pathways and biological processes critical for energy metabolism and bone homeostasis.

更新日期：2020-09-01

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