Chloropicrin (CP) is the most commonly used soil fumigant worldwide. Although CP effectively controls soilborne pathogens, it is also detrimental to beneficial soil microorganisms unless measures can be put in place to protect them from the effects of fumigation. In this study, we evaluated the ability of biochar made from the invasive weed Eupatorium adenophorum to mitigate the effects of CP fumigation on beneficial species. Our results showed that the addition of biochar to the soil effectively reduced the detrimental effects of CP on beneficial species and their ecological functions. Biochar added to CP-fumigated soil shortened the time to 28–84 days for microbial diversity and nitrogen cycle functions to be restored to unfumigated levels. At the same time, the inorganic nitrogen (NH₄⁺-N, NO₃⁻-N) content and N₂O production potential level in CP-fumigated soil returned to unfumigated levels relatively quickly, which showed that nitrogen metabolism improved with the addition of biochar. The mitigation effect of biochar in CP-fumigated soil was more evident at higher biochar amendment rates. Our results suggest that the addition of biochar to CP-fumigated soil significantly reduced the impact of CP on beneficial species and their ecological functions, and significantly shortened the time for beneficial species to recover to pre-fumigation levels. Field research is required to determine biochar's ability to mitigate the impact of CP and other fumigants on beneficial species and to quantify its benefits on crop quality and yield.

氯霉素（CP）是全世界最常用的土壤熏蒸剂。尽管CP有效地控制了土壤传播的病原体，但除非采取措施保护其免受熏蒸，否则它也对有益的土壤微生物有害。在这项研究中，我们评估了由入侵杂草紫茎泽兰制成的生物炭减轻CP熏蒸对有益物种的影响的能力。我们的结果表明，向土壤中添加生物炭可有效减少CP对有益物种及其生态功能的有害影响。添加到CP熏蒸土壤中的生物炭将微生物多样性和氮循环功能恢复到未熏蒸水平的时间缩短到28-84天。同时，无机氮（NH ₄CP熏蒸土壤中的⁺ -N，NO ₃ ^-- N）含量和N ₂ O产生潜力水平相对较快地返回到未熏蒸水平，这表明添加生物炭可改善氮素代谢。在较高的生物炭改良率下，CP熏蒸土壤中生物炭的缓解效果更加明显。我们的结果表明，向CP熏蒸的土壤中添加生物炭可显着降低CP对有益物种及其生态功能的影响，并显着缩短有益物种恢复到熏蒸前水平的时间。需要进行现场研究以确定生物炭减轻CP和其他熏蒸剂对有益物种的影响的能力，并量化其对作物质量和产量的益处。