Switchable solvent N, N, N', N'-tetraethyl-1,3-propanediamine (TEPDA) was proposed to extract lipids from wet Nannochloropsis oceanica with a 5% higher extraction efficiency than chloroform-methanol. It was found that TEPDA acted mainly as an organic solvent to soften and dissolve lipids, while a small amount of TEPDA was dissociated into tertiary amine ion, i.e., (C₂H₅)₂N-(CH₂)₃-NH⁺(C₂H₅)₂. This cation acted as a surfactant to promote cell disruption and lipid separation. With moisture increasing from 0 to 84 wt.%, more TEPDA was dissociated into cationic surfactant to induce local rearrangement of phospholipid bilayers in cell membranes through electrostatic interaction, resulting in the fractal dimension of disrupted cells increased from 1.49 to 1.66. Accordingly, the yield of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) through transesterification of lipids extracted with TEPDA increased by 9%, while FAME yield from lipids extracted with chloroform and n-hexane decreased by 41% and 65%, respectively.

转换的溶剂N，N，N”，N'-四乙基-1,3-丙二胺（TEPDA），提出了以提取脂质从湿微绿球藻大洋洲具有高5％的提取效率比氯仿-甲醇。发现TEPDA主要起软化和溶解脂质的有机溶剂作用，而少量TEPDA则分解为叔胺离子，即 （C ₂ H ₅）₂ N-（CH ₂）₃ -NH ⁺（ C ₂ H ₅）₂。该阳离子充当促进细胞分裂和脂质分离的表面活性剂。随着水分从0增加到84 wt。％，更多的TEPDA分解为阳离子表面活性剂，通过静电相互作用诱导细胞膜中磷脂双层的局部重排，从而使破碎细胞的分形维数从1.49增加到1.66。因此，通过用TEPDA提取的脂质进行酯交换反应得到的脂肪酸甲酯（FAME）的产率提高了9％，而用氯仿和正己烷萃取的脂质的FAME产率分别降低了41％和65％。