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High-throughput Synthesis and Screening of Iridium(III) Photocatalysts for the Fast and Chemoselective Dehalogenation of Aryl Bromides
ACS Catalysis ( IF 11.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-28 , DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c02247 Velabo Mdluli 1 , Stephen Diluzio 1 , Jacqueline Lewis 1 , Jakub F. Kowalewski 1 , Timothy U. Connell 1 , David Yaron 1 , Tomasz Kowalewski 1 , Stefan Bernhard 1
ACS Catalysis ( IF 11.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-28 , DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c02247 Velabo Mdluli 1 , Stephen Diluzio 1 , Jacqueline Lewis 1 , Jakub F. Kowalewski 1 , Timothy U. Connell 1 , David Yaron 1 , Tomasz Kowalewski 1 , Stefan Bernhard 1
Affiliation
A high-throughput optical screening method for the photocatalytic activity of a structurally diverse library of 1152 cationic iridium(III) complexes ([Ir(C^N)2(N^N)]+), corresponding to all combinations of 48 cyclometalating (C^N) and 24 ancillary (N^N) ligands, was developed. This rapid assay utilizes the colorimetric changes of a high contrast indicator dye, coumarin 6, to monitor the photo-induced electron transfer from a sacrificial amine donor to the metal complex excited state. The resulting [Ir(C^N)2(N^N)]0 can then reduce an aryl bromide to form the highly reactive aryl radical intermediate. The rate of this reaction is dictated by the molecular structure of both coordinating ligands. Relative reaction rate constants determined via this method correlated closely with 19F NMR measurements obtained using a fluorinated substrate. A simple model that expresses the rate constant as a product of a single ″strength″ parameter assigned to each of the 72 ligands can well account for the 1152 measured rate constants. The best performing complexes exhibit much higher reactivity than the benchmark photocatalysts commonly used in photoredox transformations. The catalysts were also successfully tested for their chemoselectivity. The developed screening methodology can enable generation of the large data sets needed to use modern data science to extract structure–activity relationships.
中文翻译:
高通量合成和筛选铱(III)芳基溴化物的快速和化学选择性脱卤反应
一种高通量光学筛选方法,用于1152种阳离子铱(III)配合物([Ir(C ^ N)2(N ^ N)] +)的结构多样的文库的光催化活性,对应于48个环金属化(开发了C 1 N和24个辅助(N N)配体。这种快速测定利用高对比度指示剂染料香豆素6的比色变化来监测从牺牲胺供体到金属络合物激发态的光诱导电子转移。结果[Ir(C ^ N)2(N ^ N)] 0然后可以将芳基溴化物还原以形成高反应性的芳基自由基中间体。该反应的速率由两个配位体的分子结构决定。通过这种方法确定的相对反应速率常数与19密切相关使用氟化底物获得的1 H NMR测量值。一个简单的模型将速率常数表示为分配给72个配体中每一个的“强度”参数的乘积,可以很好地说明1152个测得的速率常数。表现最佳的配合物比光氧化还原转化中常用的基准光催化剂具有更高的反应性。还成功地测试了催化剂的化学选择性。发达的筛选方法可以生成使用现代数据科学提取结构-活动关系所需的大数据集。
更新日期:2020-07-02
中文翻译:
高通量合成和筛选铱(III)芳基溴化物的快速和化学选择性脱卤反应
一种高通量光学筛选方法,用于1152种阳离子铱(III)配合物([Ir(C ^ N)2(N ^ N)] +)的结构多样的文库的光催化活性,对应于48个环金属化(开发了C 1 N和24个辅助(N N)配体。这种快速测定利用高对比度指示剂染料香豆素6的比色变化来监测从牺牲胺供体到金属络合物激发态的光诱导电子转移。结果[Ir(C ^ N)2(N ^ N)] 0然后可以将芳基溴化物还原以形成高反应性的芳基自由基中间体。该反应的速率由两个配位体的分子结构决定。通过这种方法确定的相对反应速率常数与19密切相关使用氟化底物获得的1 H NMR测量值。一个简单的模型将速率常数表示为分配给72个配体中每一个的“强度”参数的乘积,可以很好地说明1152个测得的速率常数。表现最佳的配合物比光氧化还原转化中常用的基准光催化剂具有更高的反应性。还成功地测试了催化剂的化学选择性。发达的筛选方法可以生成使用现代数据科学提取结构-活动关系所需的大数据集。