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A nine-fold enhancement of visible-light photocatalytic hydrogen production of g-C3N4 with TCNQ by forming a conjugated structure
RSC Advances ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-5-27 , DOI: 10.1039/c9ra10819j Fengzhi Wang 1 , Weisheng Lei 1 , Xinhua Pan 1 , Bin Lu 1 , Zhizhen Ye 1
RSC Advances ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-5-27 , DOI: 10.1039/c9ra10819j Fengzhi Wang 1 , Weisheng Lei 1 , Xinhua Pan 1 , Bin Lu 1 , Zhizhen Ye 1
Affiliation
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Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution by water splitting has become a very effective way to solve the energy crisis. For use in that process, graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) has drawn much attention for its response in the visible region. However, its insufficient sunlight absorption efficiency and easy recombination of photoinduced carriers restrict its photocatalytic activity. Herein, we demonstrate a two-step liquid ultrasonic method in water to synthesize a series of tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ)–C3N4 photocatalysts aiming to form a conjugated structure by 7,7,8,8-TCNQ. g-C3N4 was treated with APTES firstly on its surface in order to give a better interface contact with TCNQ. Benefiting from the conjugation effect between TCNQ and g-C3N4, the separation and transport efficiency of photogenerated carriers were significantly improved. Besides, introducing TCNQ also broadened the absorption region. Both of these points lead to the enhancement of photocatalytic H2 production rate, with the optimized 5% TCNQ–C3N4 giving a rate nearly 9.48 times that of pure g-C3N4. Also, 5% TCNQ–C3N4 (U) was prepared with unmodified g-C3N4, which exhibited a rate only 6.87 times that of pure g-C3N4, thus validating the necessity of surface modification. Our work reveals that the rational conjugated structure could modulate the electrical and optical properties of g-C3N4, yielding an improvement of photocatalytic activities.
中文翻译：
通过形成共轭结构，用 TCNQ 将 g-C3N4 的可见光光催化制氢提高 9 倍
水分解光催化析氢已成为解决能源危机的一种非常有效的方法。为了在该过程中使用，石墨氮化碳 (gC 3 N 4 ) 因其在可见光区域的响应而备受关注。然而，其太阳光吸收效率不足和光诱导载流子易复合限制了其光催化活性。在此，我们展示了一种在水中的两步液体超声法合成一系列四氰基醌二甲烷（TCNQ）-C 3 N 4光催化剂，旨在通过 7,7,8,8-TCNQ 形成共轭结构。气相色谱3 N 4为了与TCNQ有更好的界面接触，首先对其表面进行了APTES处理。受益于TCNQ与gC 3 N 4的共轭效应，显着提高了光生载流子的分离和传输效率。此外，引入TCNQ也拓宽了吸收区域。这两点都导致光催化 H 2产率的提高，优化的 5% TCNQ–C 3 N 4的产率几乎是纯 gC 3 N 4的 9.48 倍。此外，5% TCNQ–C 3 N 4 (U) 是用未改性的 gC 3 N 4制备的，其表现出的速率仅为纯 gC 3 N 4的 6.87 倍，从而验证了表面改性的必要性。我们的工作表明，合理的共轭结构可以调节gC 3 N 4的电学和光学性质，从而提高光催化活性。
更新日期：2020-05-27
中文翻译：
通过形成共轭结构，用 TCNQ 将 g-C3N4 的可见光光催化制氢提高 9 倍
水分解光催化析氢已成为解决能源危机的一种非常有效的方法。为了在该过程中使用，石墨氮化碳 (gC 3 N 4 ) 因其在可见光区域的响应而备受关注。然而，其太阳光吸收效率不足和光诱导载流子易复合限制了其光催化活性。在此，我们展示了一种在水中的两步液体超声法合成一系列四氰基醌二甲烷（TCNQ）-C 3 N 4光催化剂，旨在通过 7,7,8,8-TCNQ 形成共轭结构。气相色谱3 N 4为了与TCNQ有更好的界面接触，首先对其表面进行了APTES处理。受益于TCNQ与gC 3 N 4的共轭效应，显着提高了光生载流子的分离和传输效率。此外，引入TCNQ也拓宽了吸收区域。这两点都导致光催化 H 2产率的提高，优化的 5% TCNQ–C 3 N 4的产率几乎是纯 gC 3 N 4的 9.48 倍。此外，5% TCNQ–C 3 N 4 (U) 是用未改性的 gC 3 N 4制备的，其表现出的速率仅为纯 gC 3 N 4的 6.87 倍，从而验证了表面改性的必要性。我们的工作表明，合理的共轭结构可以调节gC 3 N 4的电学和光学性质，从而提高光催化活性。
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