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Venom serine proteinase homolog of the ectoparasitoid Scleroderma guani impairs host phenoloxidase cascade.
Toxicon ( IF 2.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-20 , DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2020.05.011 Chao-Yan Wu 1 , Jing-Mei Huang 1 , You-Jie Zhao 2 , Zhi-Wen Xu 1 , Jia-Ying Zhu 2
Toxicon ( IF 2.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-20 , DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2020.05.011 Chao-Yan Wu 1 , Jing-Mei Huang 1 , You-Jie Zhao 2 , Zhi-Wen Xu 1 , Jia-Ying Zhu 2
Affiliation
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The ant-like bethylid ectoparasitoid Scleroderma guani (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) envenomates host to suppress immune response. Yet, the roles of its venom in inhibiting melanization of host hemolymph have not been fully characterized. Here, we demonstrated that S. guani envenomation induced strong inhibition of melanization of the hemolymph from Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), permitting the successful development of parasitoid offspring. To reveal venom component associated with such function, a serine proteinase homolog (SguaSPH) rich in the venom of S. guani was characterized. It was found that one of the catalytic triad residues for serine proteinase is absent in the amino acid sequence of SguaSPH. This venom component was abundantly expressed in venom apparatus and adult stages. By enzymatic assays, SguaSPH displayed low trypsin and no chymotrypsin activity, and was able to inhibit phenoloxidase activity in the hemolymph of Ostrinia furnacalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). The findings suggest that SguaSPH is essential for interfering with hemolymph melanization of S. guani envenomated host via phenoloxidase cascade disruption.
中文翻译：
外寄生虫类硬皮鸟粪的毒丝氨酸蛋白酶同源物损害宿主酚氧化酶级联反应。
蚂蚁样的甲壳动物类异硬脂酸鳄梨硬皮病（膜翅目：Bethylidae）会毒化宿主，以抑制免疫反应。然而，其毒液在抑制宿主血淋巴的黑色素化中的作用尚未完全表征。在这里，我们证明了鸟粪沙门氏菌的毒杀作用强烈抑制了黄粉虫（Ceneoptera：Tenebrionidae）对血淋巴的黑色素的抑制作用，从而成功地发展了类寄生虫后代。为了揭示与这种功能相关的毒液成分，特征在于富含鸟粪链球菌毒液的丝氨酸蛋白酶同源物（SguaSPH）。发现在SguaSPH的氨基酸序列中不存在丝氨酸蛋白酶的催化三联体残基之一。该毒液成分在毒液器具和成年阶段中大量表达。通过酶法测定 SguaSPH表现出低的胰蛋白酶活性，没有胰凝乳蛋白酶活性，并且能够抑制呋塞斯汀（Ostrinia furnacalis）（鳞翅目：Crombidae）的血淋巴中的酚氧化酶活性。这些发现表明，SguaSPH对于通过酚氧化酶级联破坏来干扰鸟粪葡萄球菌感染的宿主的血淋巴黑色素化至关重要。
更新日期：2020-05-20
中文翻译：
外寄生虫类硬皮鸟粪的毒丝氨酸蛋白酶同源物损害宿主酚氧化酶级联反应。
蚂蚁样的甲壳动物类异硬脂酸鳄梨硬皮病（膜翅目：Bethylidae）会毒化宿主，以抑制免疫反应。然而，其毒液在抑制宿主血淋巴的黑色素化中的作用尚未完全表征。在这里，我们证明了鸟粪沙门氏菌的毒杀作用强烈抑制了黄粉虫（Ceneoptera：Tenebrionidae）对血淋巴的黑色素的抑制作用，从而成功地发展了类寄生虫后代。为了揭示与这种功能相关的毒液成分，特征在于富含鸟粪链球菌毒液的丝氨酸蛋白酶同源物（SguaSPH）。发现在SguaSPH的氨基酸序列中不存在丝氨酸蛋白酶的催化三联体残基之一。该毒液成分在毒液器具和成年阶段中大量表达。通过酶法测定 SguaSPH表现出低的胰蛋白酶活性，没有胰凝乳蛋白酶活性，并且能够抑制呋塞斯汀（Ostrinia furnacalis）（鳞翅目：Crombidae）的血淋巴中的酚氧化酶活性。这些发现表明，SguaSPH对于通过酚氧化酶级联破坏来干扰鸟粪葡萄球菌感染的宿主的血淋巴黑色素化至关重要。
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