Antimicrobial nanostructures are expected to be effective alternatives to antibiotics, combating the emergence of drug resistance and superbugs. Herein, we have developed an intermediate layer conversion strategy to fabricate urchin-shaped Au@Bi₂S₃ core-shell structures via a hard template engaged polyol method, which showed low cytotoxicity and excellent photothermal conversion properties. This metal-semiconductor composite nanostructures are also behaved as the typical Schottky junction that can improve the separation efficiency of the electron-hole pairs triggered by near-infrared (NIR) light, leading to considerable generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). As a result, the obtained urchin-shaped Au@Bi₂S₃ core-shell structures exhibited enhanced antibacterial ability compared to Au nanorods or Bi₂S₃ alone, which can be attributed to the higher yield of ROS and hyperthermia. Once stimulated by 808 nm laser irradiation, urchin-shaped Au@Bi₂S₃ core-shell structures made a nearly 100% bactericidal ratio quickly for Escherichia coli (140 μg/mL) and Staphylococcus aureus (120 μg/mL) owing to their synergetic photothermal and photodynamic anti-bacterial (PTA/PDA) performance. Thus, this work can be extended to fabricate some other heterostructures comprised of semiconductors and metals/semiconductors. In particular, the urchin-shaped Au@Bi₂S₃ core-shell structures is a promising candidate for rapidly bacterial elimination in medical treatment or environmental remedy.

抗菌纳米结构有望成为抗生素的有效替代品，以对抗耐药性和超级细菌的出现。在这里，我们已经开发出了一种中间层转化策略，通过硬模板结合多元醇方法来制备海胆形Au @ Bi ₂ S ₃核-壳结构，该方法具有低细胞毒性和优异的光热转化性能。该金属-半导体复合纳米结构还具有典型的肖特基结的作用，可以提高由近红外（NIR）光触发的电子-空穴对的分离效率，从而导致大量活性氧（ROS）的产生。结果，获得的海胆形Au @ Bi ₂ S ₃与单独的Au纳米棒或Bi ₂ S ₃相比，核-壳结构显示出增强的抗菌能力，这可以归因于ROS和高温的更高产率。一旦受到808 nm激光的刺激，由于其大肠埃希氏菌（140μg/ mL）和金黄色葡萄球菌（120μg/ mL）的作用，海胆形Au @ Bi ₂ S ₃核-壳结构迅速形成了接近100％的杀菌率。协同的光热和光动力抗菌（PTA / PDA）性能。因此，这项工作可以扩展到制造其他一些由半导体和金属/半导体组成的异质结构。特别是海胆形的Au @ Bi ₂ S ₃ 核-壳结构是在医学治疗或环境补救中快速消除细菌的有希望的候选者。