Rechargeable aqueous Zn-ion batteries are highly promising for grid-scale energy storage due to the high safety and low cost; whereas, they also suffer from the limited reversibility and dendrite growth of metallic Zn electrode during plating/stripping processes. In this work, we develop a 3D nanoporous Zn anode for dendrite-free Zn plating/stripping with significantly suppressed undesirable side reactions. The continuously connected dual-channels for electron/ion transfers and improved effective solid-electrolyte interfaces also endow the anode with promoted fast kinetics. These merits are confirmed by the significantly elongated plating/stripping cycles (1400 ​h under 0.1 ​mAh cm⁻² and 200 ​h under 10 ​mAh cm⁻²) and lowered overpotentials in symmetric cells. Our strategy, comparing with bulk Zn foil anode, also brings largely improved performances to Zn–V₂O₅ cells using V₂O₅ cathode, with achieved high energy density 333.8 ​Wh kg⁻¹, power density 3762.4 ​W ​kg⁻¹, and stable cycling for 500 cycles. These results demonstrate the potential of our approach to addressing the reversibility and dendrite issues of rechargeable metal electrodes.

可充电的Zn-离子水基电池具有很高的安全性和低成本，因此在网格规模的储能方面具有广阔的前景。然而，它们在电镀/剥离过程中还受到金属Zn电极有限的可逆性和枝晶生长的困扰。在这项工作中，我们开发了3D纳米多孔Zn阳极，用于无枝晶的Zn电镀/剥离，具有显着抑制的不良副反应。连续连接的电子/离子转移双通道和改进的有效固体电解质界面也使阳极具有快速的动力学特性。这些优点通过显著细长电镀确认/解吸循环（1400轰下0.1毫安厘米^-2和200h的下10毫安厘米^-2）并降低对称电池中的过电势。与大块的Zn箔阳极相比，我们的策略还大大提高了使用V ₂ O ₅阴极的Zn–V ₂ O ₅电池的性能，实现了333.8 Wh kg ^-1的高能量密度，3762.4 WW kg的功率密度^{- 1个}，稳定循环500个循环。这些结果证明了我们解决可充电金属电极的可逆性和枝晶问题的方法的潜力。