Ancient DNA indicates human population shifts and admixture in northern and southern China,Science

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Ancient DNA indicates human population shifts and admixture in northern and southern China
Science ( IF 44.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-14 , DOI: 10.1126/science.aba0909
Melinda A Yang _{1,

2,

3} , Xuechun Fan _{4,

5} , Bo Sun ₆ , Chungyu Chen ₇ , Jianfeng Lang ₈ , Ying-Chin Ko ₉ , Cheng-Hwa Tsang ₁₀ , Hunglin Chiu ₁₀ , Tianyi Wang _{1,

2,

11} , Qingchuan Bao ₁₂ , Xiaohong Wu ₁₃ , Mateja Hajdinjak ₁₄ , Albert Min-Shan Ko ₁ , Manyu Ding _{1,

2,

15} , Peng Cao _{1,

2} , Ruowei Yang _{1,

2} , Feng Liu _{1,

2} , Birgit Nickel ₁₃ , Qingyan Dai _{1,

2} , Xiaotian Feng _{1,

2} , Lizhao Zhang _{1,

2} , Chengkai Sun ₁₆ , Chao Ning ₁₇ , Wen Zeng ₁₈ , Yongsheng Zhao ₁₈ , Ming Zhang _{1,

2,

15} , Xing Gao _{1,

2,

15} , Yinqiu Cui ₁₇ , David Reich _{19,

20,

21,

22} , Mark Stoneking ₁₄ , Qiaomei Fu _{1,

2,

15}

Affiliation

Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100044.
Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044.
Department of Biology, University of Richmond, Richmond, VA 23173.
International Research Center for Austronesian Archaeology, Pingtan 350000.
Fujian Museum, Fuzhou 350001.
Shandong Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, Jinan 250012.
Institute of History and Philology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529.
School of History and Culture, Shandong University, Jinan 250100.
Environment-Omics-Disease Research Center, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung 40402.
Institute of Anthropology, National Tsinghua University, Hsinchu 30013.
School of Cultural Heritage, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069.
The Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010011.
School of Archaeology and Museology, Peking University, Beijing 100871.
Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049.
Shandong Museum, Jinan 250014.
School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130023.
Institute of Cultural Heritage, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237.
Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.
Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138.
Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142.
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.

A genetic history of China The history of human movements into and within China has been difficult to determine solely from archaeological investigations or genetic studies of contemporary peoples. Yang et al. sequenced DNA from 26 individuals from 9500 to 300 years ago from locations within China. Analyses of these individuals, along with previously sequenced ancient individuals and present-day genomes representing global populations, show a split between ancient humans in northern and southern China. Neolithic northern Chinese individuals are closest to modern-day East Asians, whereas ancient individuals from southern China are most closely related to modern-day Southeast Asians and show an affinity to modern-day Austronesian populations. These results indicate that there was a southward movement and admixture of peoples during the Neolithic that gave rise to modern-day populations in East Asia. Science this issue p. 282 Ancient human genomes from China demonstrate a north–south Asian separation and that both populations moved southward over time. Human genetic history in East Asia is poorly understood. To clarify population relationships, we obtained genome-wide data from 26 ancient individuals from northern and southern East Asia spanning 9500 to 300 years ago. Genetic differentiation in this region was higher in the past than the present, which reflects a major episode of admixture involving northern East Asian ancestry spreading across southern East Asia after the Neolithic, thereby transforming the genetic ancestry of southern China. Mainland southern East Asian and Taiwan Strait island samples from the Neolithic show clear connections with modern and ancient individuals with Austronesian-related ancestry, which supports an origin in southern China for proto-Austronesians. Connections among Neolithic coastal groups from Siberia and Japan to Vietnam indicate that migration and gene flow played an important role in the prehistory of coastal Asia.

更新日期：2020-05-14

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