Introduction

Comorbid depressive symptoms (depression thereafter) often occur in schizophrenia and are associated with negative outcomes. This meta-analysis estimated the prevalence of comorbid depression and its associated factors in schizophrenia.

Methods

Both international (PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and Web of Science) and Chinese (WANFANG and CNKI) databases were systematically searched. Studies with data on the prevalence of comorbid depression in schizophrenia measured with the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS) were included. Random-effects models were used in all analyses.

Results

Fifty-three studies covering 9,879 patients were included. The pooled prevalence of comorbid depression was 28.6% (95%CI: 25.3%-32.2%). Subgroup analyses revealed that studies examining inpatients, being published in Chinese language, or those with lower CDSS cut-od values reported higher depression rates. Meta-regression analyses indicated that the rate of depression was positively associated with publication year, proportion of males, mean age, and severity of psychotic symptoms, and negatively associated with illness duration and study quality.

Conclusion

Comorbid depression is common in schizophrenia. Due to its negative impact on patients’ quality of life and prognosis, regular screening and effective treatment for comorbid depression should be implemented in patients with schizophrenia.

中文翻译：

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精神分裂症合并抑郁症的患病率：一项观察性研究的荟萃分析。

介绍

合并症的抑郁症状（此后为抑郁）常发生于精神分裂症，并与阴性结果相关。这项荟萃分析估计了精神分裂症合并抑郁症的患病率及其相关因素。

方法

系统搜索国际（PubMed，EMBASE，PsycINFO和Web of Science）数据库和中文（WANFANG和CNKI）数据库。卡尔法利精神分裂症抑郁量表（CDSS）对精神分裂症合并抑郁症患病率的数据进行了研究。所有分析均使用随机效应模型。

结果

纳入了53项研究，涵盖9879名患者。合并症的合并患病率为28.6％（95％CI：25.3％-32.2％）。亚组分析显示，对以中文发表的住院患者进行检查的研究或CDSS临界值较低的患者报告的抑郁症发病率较高。荟萃回归分析表明，抑郁症的发生率与出版年份，男性比例，平均年龄和精神症状的严重程度呈正相关，与疾病持续时间和研究质量呈负相关。

结论

合并症抑郁症在精神分裂症中很常见。由于其对患者的生活质量和预后有负面影响，因此应对精神分裂症患者进行常规筛查和有效治疗合并症的抑郁症。