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Fate of selected neonicotinoid insecticides in soil-water systems: Current state of the art and knowledge gaps.
Chemosphere ( IF 8.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-05 , DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126981 Damian Pietrzak 1 , Jarosław Kania 1 , Ewa Kmiecik 1 , Grzegorz Malina 1 , Katarzyna Wątor 1
Chemosphere ( IF 8.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-05 , DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126981 Damian Pietrzak 1 , Jarosław Kania 1 , Ewa Kmiecik 1 , Grzegorz Malina 1 , Katarzyna Wątor 1
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The occurrence of emerging contaminants, such as: personal care products, medicines, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and their transformation products in the environment is of concern for human health and aquatic ecosystems due to their high persistence, toxicity and potential to bioaccumulation. Among pesticides, the main attention and thus our focus is on neonicotinoids: acetamiprid, clothianidin, imidacloprid, thiacloprid and thiamethoxam, which are widely used classes of insecticides in agriculture. Determining the associated risk to humans and ecosystems from neonicotinoid insecticides requires detailed understanding of their fate and transport in the environment which is complex and includes diverse pathways and processes depending on environmental compartments in which they occur. This paper critically reviews the current state of the art about processes, parameters and phenomena influencing the fate of neonicotinoid insecticides in soil-water systems (i.e. soil and groundwater), and reveals existing knowledge gaps. Sorption, biodegradation, chemical transformations of neonicotinoid insecticides in the soil and leaching to the groundwater, as well as groundwater/surface water interactions are highlighted, as they determine their further migration from sources, through soils to groundwater systems and then to other environmental compartments posing ecological and human risks. A number of key knowledge gaps in fate of neonicotinoid insecticides in soil-water systems are identified, that concern mostly processes and pathways occurring in the groundwater, and require further research to assess the associated risk to humans and ecosystems.
中文翻译：
土壤-水系统中选定的新烟碱类杀虫剂的命运：现有技术水平和知识差距。
由于环境中新出现的污染物（如个人护理产品，药品，药品，农药及其转化产品）具有很高的持久性，毒性和生物蓄积性，因此它们对人类健康和水生生态系统至关重要。在农药中，最主要的关注点，因此我们的重点是新烟碱类：对乙酰氨基酚，可尼丁，吡虫啉，噻虫啉和噻虫嗪，它们是农业上广泛使用的杀虫剂。要确定新烟碱类杀虫剂对人类和生态系统的相关风险，需要详细了解其在复杂环境中的命运和运输，并取决于其发生的环境区隔，包括多种途径和过程。本文批判性地回顾了影响土壤-水系统（即土壤和地下水）中新烟碱类杀虫剂命运的过程，参数和现象的最新技术，并揭示了现有的知识差距。强调了土壤中新烟碱类杀虫剂的吸附，生物降解，化学转化以及向地下水的淋溶，以及地下水/地表水的相互作用，因为它们确定了它们从水源到土壤系统，再到地下水系统再到其他环境区的进一步迁移生态和人类风险。确定了土壤-水系统中新烟碱类杀虫剂的命运方面的许多关键知识差距，这些差距主要涉及地下水中发生的过程和途径，
更新日期：2020-05-05
中文翻译：
土壤-水系统中选定的新烟碱类杀虫剂的命运：现有技术水平和知识差距。
由于环境中新出现的污染物（如个人护理产品，药品，药品，农药及其转化产品）具有很高的持久性，毒性和生物蓄积性，因此它们对人类健康和水生生态系统至关重要。在农药中，最主要的关注点，因此我们的重点是新烟碱类：对乙酰氨基酚，可尼丁，吡虫啉，噻虫啉和噻虫嗪，它们是农业上广泛使用的杀虫剂。要确定新烟碱类杀虫剂对人类和生态系统的相关风险，需要详细了解其在复杂环境中的命运和运输，并取决于其发生的环境区隔，包括多种途径和过程。本文批判性地回顾了影响土壤-水系统（即土壤和地下水）中新烟碱类杀虫剂命运的过程，参数和现象的最新技术，并揭示了现有的知识差距。强调了土壤中新烟碱类杀虫剂的吸附，生物降解，化学转化以及向地下水的淋溶，以及地下水/地表水的相互作用，因为它们确定了它们从水源到土壤系统，再到地下水系统再到其他环境区的进一步迁移生态和人类风险。确定了土壤-水系统中新烟碱类杀虫剂的命运方面的许多关键知识差距，这些差距主要涉及地下水中发生的过程和途径，
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