Arterial blood pressure (BP) is a fundamental cardiovascular variable, is routinely measured in perioperative and intensive care medicine, and has a significant impact on patient management. The clinical reference method for BP monitoring in high-risk surgical patients and critically ill patients is continuous invasive BP measurement using an arterial catheter. A key prerequisite for correct invasive BP monitoring using an arterial catheter is an in-depth understanding of the measurement principle, of BP waveform quality criteria, and of common pitfalls that can falsify BP readings. Here, we describe how to place an arterial catheter, correctly measure BP, and identify and solve common pitfalls. We focus on 5 important steps, namely (1) how to choose the catheter insertion site, (2) how to choose the type of arterial catheter, (3) how to place the arterial catheter, (4) how to level and zero the transducer, and (5) how to check the quality of the BP waveform.

中文翻译：

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如何使用动脉导管测量血压：系统性 5 步法

动脉血压 (BP) 是一个基本的心血管变量，在围手术期和重症监护医学中常规测量，对患者管理有重大影响。高危手术患者和危重患者血压监测的临床参考方法是使用动脉导管进行连续有创血压测量。使用动脉导管进行正确的有创血压监测的一个关键先决条件是深入了解测量原理、血压波形质量标准以及可以伪造血压读数的常见陷阱。在这里，我们将介绍如何放置动脉导管、正确测量血压以及识别和解决常见的陷阱。我们重点关注5个重要步骤，即（1）如何选择导管插入部位，（2）如何选择动脉导管类型，