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Restoring the Sense of Touch Using a Sensorimotor Demultiplexing Neural Interface.
Cell ( IF 45.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-23 , DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.03.054
Patrick D Ganzer 1 , Samuel C Colachis 1 , Michael A Schwemmer 2 , David A Friedenberg 2 , Collin F Dunlap 3 , Carly E Swiftney 1 , Adam F Jacobowitz 1 , Doug J Weber 4 , Marcia A Bockbrader 5 , Gaurav Sharma 1
Affiliation  

Paralyzed muscles can be reanimated following spinal cord injury (SCI) using a brain-computer interface (BCI) to enhance motor function alone. Importantly, the sense of touch is a key component of motor function. Here, we demonstrate that a human participant with a clinically complete SCI can use a BCI to simultaneously reanimate both motor function and the sense of touch, leveraging residual touch signaling from his own hand. In the primary motor cortex (M1), residual subperceptual hand touch signals are simultaneously demultiplexed from ongoing efferent motor intention, enabling intracortically controlled closed-loop sensory feedback. Using the closed-loop demultiplexing BCI almost fully restored the ability to detect object touch and significantly improved several sensorimotor functions. Afferent grip-intensity levels are also decoded from M1, enabling grip reanimation regulated by touch signaling. These results demonstrate that subperceptual neural signals can be decoded from the cortex and transformed into conscious perception, significantly augmenting function.

中文翻译:

使用Sensorimotor多路分解神经接口恢复触摸感。

脊髓损伤(SCI)后,可以使用脑机接口(BCI)增强瘫痪的肌肉,以单独增强运动功能。重要的是,触摸感是运动功能的关键组成部分。在这里,我们证明了具有临床上完整的SCI的人类参与者可以利用BCI同时利用自己的手残留的触摸信号来同时使运动功能和触觉恢复活力。在初级运动皮层(M1)中,剩余的知觉手下方触摸信号同时从正在进行的传出运动意图中解复用,从而实现了皮质内控制的闭环感觉反馈。使用闭环解复用BCI几乎完全恢复了检测物体触摸的能力,并显着改善了几种感觉运动功能。传入的握力强度级别也从M1解码,可以通过触摸信号调节抓地力。这些结果表明,可以从皮层解码知觉下的神经信号,并将其转化为意识知觉,从而显着增强功能。
更新日期:2020-04-23
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