她和他的：雌性蜘蛛在卵囊构造中使用的丝腺可能被“现代”雄性蜘蛛重新利用。,Scientific Reports

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她和他的：雌性蜘蛛在卵囊构造中使用的丝腺可能被“现代”雄性蜘蛛重新利用。
Scientific Reports ( IF 3.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-20 , DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63521-7
Mark A Townley ₁ , Danilo Harms ₂

Affiliation

圆柱状丝腺（CY）凸出部可以区分出大型的现代蜘蛛进化枝CY凸出进化枝，其中包括所有蜘蛛和近亲。遵循广泛的范例，CY和其子突仅在雌性蜘蛛中发生，它们产生用于构造卵囊的丝。在这里，我们报告了蜘蛛Australomimetus maculosus的雄性（第五体育场及以后）的每个后正中喷丝头（PMS）上均出现CY突突或CY结蛋白。晚期男性在每个PMS上都有CY突突，而成年男性则有CY突突，或更常见的是，无功能CY突触核。这表明男性可能使用的CY至少在很大程度上限于幼龄期的幼虫，并且不参与卵囊的构建。尽管男女都有CY插口，CYs的性二态性仍然很明显，因为在成年雌性和成年雌性中，男性在每个后外侧喷丝头上均没有CY突触，并且男性的CY突触从未具有成年雌性的宽杆和开口。这项研究增加了我们对现代蜘蛛的纺纱设备可变性的了解，并证明了在CY子接口进化枝中，这种子接口仅限于雌性蜘蛛的范例的例外。

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Hers and his: Silk glands used in egg sac construction by female spiders potentially repurposed by a 'modern' male spider.

Cylindrical silk gland (CY) spigots distinguish a large clade of modern spiders, the CY spigot clade, which includes all entelegyne spiders and their closest relatives. Following a widespread paradigm, CYs and their spigots are only known to occur in female spiders and they produce silk used in the construction of egg sacs. Here we report the occurrence of a CY spigot or CY nubbin on each posterior median spinneret (PMS) in males (5th stadium and later) of the spider Australomimetus maculosus. Late juvenile males had a CY spigot on each PMS, whereas adult males either had a CY spigot or, more often, a non-functional CY nubbin. This indicates that potential CY use by males is at least largely limited to late juvenile instars and is not involved with egg sac construction. Despite the presence of CY spigots in both sexes, sexual dimorphism with respect to CYs was still evident since males lacked the CY spigot on each posterior lateral spinneret present in late juvenile and adult females, and CY spigots of males never had the wide shaft and opening of adult females. This study adds to our knowledge of spinning apparatus variability in modern spiders and demonstrates an exception to the paradigm that, in the CY spigot clade, such spigots are restricted to female spiders.

更新日期：2020-04-24

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