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Mortalin/HSPA9 targeting selectively induces KRAS tumor cell death by perturbing mitochondrial membrane permeability.
Oncogene ( IF 6.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-14 , DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-1285-5
Pui-Kei Wu 1 , Seung-Keun Hong 1 , Dmytro Starenki 1 , Kiyoko Oshima 2 , Hao Shao 3 , Jason E Gestwicki 3 , Susan Tsai 4 , Jong-In Park 1
Affiliation  

The mitochondrial HSP70 chaperone mortalin (HSPA9/GRP75) is often upregulated and mislocalized in MEK/ERK-deregulated tumors. Here, we show that mortalin depletion can selectively induce death of immortalized normal fibroblasts IMR90E1A when combined with K-RasG12V expression, but not with wild-type K-Ras expression, and that K-RasG12V-driven MEK/ERK activity is necessary for this lethality. This cell death was attenuated by knockdown or inhibition of adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT), cyclophilin D (CypD), or mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter (MCU), which implicates a mitochondria-originated death mechanism. Indeed, mortalin depletion increased mitochondrial membrane permeability and induced cell death in KRAS-mutated human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and colon cancer lines, which were attenuated by knockdown or inhibition of ANT, CypD, or MCU, and occurred independently of TP53 and p21CIP1. Intriguingly, JG-98, an advanced MKT-077 derivative, phenocopied the lethal effects of mortalin depletion in K-RasG12V-expressing IMR90E1A and KRAS-mutated tumor cell lines in vitro. Moreover, JG-231, a JG-98 analog with improved microsomal stability effectively suppressed the xenograft of MIA PaCa-2, a K-RasG12C-expressing human PDAC line, in athymic nude mice. These data demonstrate that oncogenic KRAS activity sensitizes cells to the effects of mortalin depletion, suggesting that mortalin has potential as a selective therapeutic target for KRAS-mutated tumors.

中文翻译:

Mortalin/HSPA9 靶向通过扰乱线粒体膜通透性选择性诱导 KRAS 肿瘤细胞死亡。

线粒体 HSP70 伴侣 mortalin (HSPA9/GRP75) 通常在 MEK/ERK 失调的肿瘤中上调和错误定位。在这里,我们表明当与 K-RasG12V 表达结合时,mortalin 消耗可以选择性地诱导永生化正常成纤维细胞 IMR90E1A 的死亡,但与野生型 K-Ras 表达结合时,K-RasG12V 驱动的 MEK/ERK 活性对此是必要的杀伤力。这种细胞死亡通过敲低或抑制腺嘌呤核苷酸转位酶 (ANT)、亲环蛋白 D (CypD) 或线粒体 Ca2+ 单向转运体 (MCU) 而减弱,这暗示了线粒体起源的死亡机制。事实上,在 KRAS 突变的人胰腺导管腺癌 (PDAC) 和结肠癌系中,mortalin 消耗增加了线粒体膜通透性并诱导细胞死亡,这些通过 ANT、CypD 的敲低或抑制而减弱,或 MCU,并且独立于 TP53 和 p21CIP1 发生。有趣的是,JG-98 是一种先进的 MKT-077 衍生物,它在体外对表达 K-RasG12V 的 IMR90E1A 和 KRAS 突变的肿瘤细胞系中的 mortalin 耗竭的致死作用进行了表型复制。此外,JG-231(一种具有改善微粒体稳定性的 JG-98 类似物)在无胸腺裸鼠中有效抑制了 MIA PaCa-2(一种表达 K-RasG12C 的人 PDAC 系)的异种移植物。这些数据表明,致癌 KRAS 活性使细胞对 mortalin 耗竭的影响敏感,这表明 mortalin 具有作为 KRAS 突变肿瘤的选择性治疗靶点的潜力。在体外对表达 K-RasG12V 的 IMR90E1A 和 KRAS 突变的肿瘤细胞系中 mortalin 耗竭的致死作用进行了表型复制。此外,JG-231(一种具有改善微粒体稳定性的 JG-98 类似物)在无胸腺裸鼠中有效抑制了 MIA PaCa-2(一种表达 K-RasG12C 的人 PDAC 系)的异种移植物。这些数据表明,致癌 KRAS 活性使细胞对 mortalin 耗竭的影响敏感,这表明 mortalin 具有作为 KRAS 突变肿瘤的选择性治疗靶点的潜力。在体外对表达 K-RasG12V 的 IMR90E1A 和 KRAS 突变的肿瘤细胞系中 mortalin 耗竭的致死作用进行了表型复制。此外,JG-231(一种具有改善微粒体稳定性的 JG-98 类似物)在无胸腺裸鼠中有效抑制了 MIA PaCa-2(一种表达 K-RasG12C 的人 PDAC 系)的异种移植物。这些数据表明,致癌 KRAS 活性使细胞对 mortalin 耗竭的影响敏感,这表明 mortalin 具有作为 KRAS 突变肿瘤的选择性治疗靶点的潜力。
更新日期:2020-04-14
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