Electromagnetic wave absorption materials with strong absorption, thin thickness, broad bandwidth and low filler loading are highly desirable in the field of electromagnetic absorption. In this work, graphene oxide (GO) was firstly used as a template for growth of cobalt, zinc–zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (Co, Zn–ZIFs), and then nitrogen-doped cobalt/cobalt oxide/carbon/reduced graphene oxide (Co/CoO/C/RGO) nanocomposites were further constructed by the high-temperature pyrolysis strategy. Results of morphology observations demonstrated that numerous carbon frameworks with a slightly contracted polyhedron morphology were anchored on the crumpled surfaces of sheet-like RGO. Moreover, well-constructed structure of RGO loaded with carbon nanotubes wrapping carbon frameworks was observed, and considerable nitrogen atoms had been in situ doped into the porous carbon matrix of attained nanocomposites. Furthermore, the influences of filler loadings, calcination temperature, and addition of GO on the electromagnetic parameters and absorption performance of obtained nanocomposites were investigated. Results revealed that the addition of GO notably strengthened the electromagnetic absorption performance. Remarkably, the percolation transition was observed in the filler loading range of 20–25 wt%. The as-synthesized nanocomposite under 700 °C calcination treatment exhibited superior electromagnetic absorption performance with an optimal reflection loss of −63.0 dB and effective absorption bandwidth of 4.0 GHz (12.2–16.2 GHz) at a thin matching thickness of merely 1.6 mm and filler loading as low as 25 wt%. In addition, the underlying electromagnetic absorption mechanisms were proposed. This work provided a facile strategy for fabricating the carbon-based magnetic composites derived from metal–organic frameworks as light weight and high-performance electromagnetic absorption materials.

具有强吸收性，薄的厚度，宽的带宽和低的填料负载的电磁波吸收材料是电磁吸收领域中非常需要的。在这项工作中，首先使用氧化石墨烯（GO）作为生长钴，锌-沸石咪唑酸盐骨架（Co，Zn-ZIFs）的模板，然后使用氮掺杂的钴/氧化钴/碳/还原氧化石墨烯（Co / CoO / C / RGO）纳米复合材料通过高温热解策略进一步构建。形态观察结果表明，许多具有略微收缩的多面体形态的碳骨架被锚固在片状RGO的皱折表面上。此外，观察到结构良好的RGO结构载有包裹碳骨架的碳纳米管，并且大量的氮原子已被原位掺杂到获得的纳米复合材料的多孔碳基质中。此外，研究了填料含量，煅烧温度和GO的添加对所得纳米复合材料的电磁参数和吸收性能的影响。结果表明，GO的加入显着增强了电磁吸收性能。值得注意的是，在20–25 wt％的填料填充量范围内观察到了渗滤转变。合成后的纳米复合材料在700°C煅烧处理下表现出卓越的电磁吸收性能，在仅1.6 mm的薄匹配厚度和填料载荷下，最佳反射损耗为−63.0 dB，有效吸收带宽为4.0 GHz（12.2–16.2 GHz）低至25 wt％。此外，提出了潜在的电磁吸收机理。这项工作为从轻金属和高性能电磁吸收材料中衍生出金属-有机骨架的碳基磁性复合材料提供了一种简便的策略。