<br>多种生态过程支撑小型哺乳动物的爆发动态：半干旱农业环境中的家鼠,Ecology and Evolution

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多种生态过程支撑小型哺乳动物的爆发动态：半干旱农业环境中的家鼠
Ecology and Evolution ( IF 2.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-05 , DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6145
Peter R Brown ₁ , Anthony D Arthur ₂ , Dean A Jones _{3,

4} , Micah J Davies ₃ , David Grice _{1,

5} , Roger P Pech ₆

Affiliation

鼠疫是粮食种植地区的常见特征，特别是在澳大利亚南部和东部，但目前尚不清楚各种生态过程在引发这些疫情的爆发动力中发挥什么作用。
本研究旨在评估在维多利亚州西北部一个典型的谷物种植农场中，在所有组合中添加食物、水和覆盖物对小鼠种群的繁殖性能、丰度和存活率的影响。
在 11 个月的时间内，以 2 × 2 × 2 析因设计对小麦或大麦作物与残茬/牧场之间 240 m 的内部围栏线部分施用补充食物、水和覆盖物，以评估对小鼠种群的影响。
我们确认小鼠正在吃额外的食物并获取所提供的水。我们没有引起小鼠的爆发，但实验性治疗产生了一些显着的效果。额外的食物使种群数量增加了一倍，并提高了表观生存率。水和覆盖物都提高了繁殖性能。食物和遮盖物增加了表观存活率。
我们的研究结果证实，获得食物、水和遮盖物对于疫情爆发是必要的，但还不够。还有其他一些因素对于鼠疫的发生也很重要，特别是在气候多变的农业环境中。

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Multiple ecological processes underpin the eruptive dynamics of small mammals: House mice in a semi‐arid agricultural environment

Mouse plagues are a regular feature of grain‐growing regions, particularly in southern and eastern Australia, yet it is not clear what role various ecological processes play in the eruptive dynamics generating these outbreaks.
This research was designed to assess the impact of adding food, water, and cover in all combinations on breeding performance, abundance, and survival of mouse populations on a typical cereal growing farm in northwestern Victoria.
Supplementary food, water, and cover were applied in a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial design to 240 m sections of internal fence lines between wheat or barley crops and stubble/pasture fields over an 11‐month period to assess the impact on mouse populations.
We confirmed that mice were eating the additional food and were accessing the water provided. We did not generate an outbreak of mice, but there were some significant effects from the experimental treatments. Additional food increased population size twofold and improved apparent survival. Both water and cover improved breeding performance. Food and cover increased apparent survival.
Our findings confirm that access to food, water, and cover are necessary for outbreaks, but are not sufficient. There remain additional factors that are important in generating mouse plagues, particularly in a climatically variable agricultural environment.

更新日期：2020-04-12

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