A series of novel fused‐ring pyrazolo[4,3‐c]pyrazole derivatives featuring N‐dinitromethyl and N‐fluorodinitromethyl energetic groups (compounds 3–7) were synthesized using a nine‐step reaction. All these compounds were characterized using multinuclear nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, infra‐red (IR) spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. X‐ray diffraction analysis was performed, and the single‐crystal structures of compounds 3, 4, 6, and 7 were obtained. For these newly prepared energetic materials, the thermal stability was determined using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), while the sensitivities were evaluated using BAM drop hammer and friction test. The calculated heat of formation values and the measured densities were used to determine the detonation parameters, including detonation velocity and pressure, using the EXPLO5 program. Of all the prepared compounds, dipotassium 1,4‐bis(dinitromethyl)‐3,6‐dinitro‐1,4‐dihydropyrazolo[4,3‐c]pyrazole (3) was crystallized as a three‐dimensional energetic metal‐organic framework (MOF) and showed outstanding detonation performances, which even outperformed the traditional primary explosive lead azide. Compound 7 exhibited a high crystal density of 1.939 g cm⁻³, the high decomposition temperature of 213 °C and desirable impact and friction sensitivities (IS: 12 J; FS: 240 N). These combined properties and performances make these novel fused‐ring energetic compounds suitable candidates for high‐performance energetic materials.

中文翻译：

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3,6-二硝基吡唑并[4,3-c]-吡唑（DNPP）衍生物的合成及性质

一系列新颖的稠环吡唑并[4,3-c]吡唑衍生物为特色的N- dinitromethyl和N- fluorodinitromethyl高能基（化合物3 - 7），使用九步反应合成。所有这些化合物都使用多核核磁共振（NMR）光谱，红外（IR）光谱和元素分析进行​​了表征。透视进行衍射分析，和化合物的单晶结构3，4，6，和7获得了。对于这些新制备的高能材料，使用差示扫描量热法（DSC）确定热稳定性，同时使用BAM落锤和摩擦测试评估灵敏度。使用EXPLO5程序，使用计算出的地层热值和测得的密度确定爆轰参数，包括爆轰速度和压力。在所有制备的化合物中，将1,4-双（二硝基甲基）-3,6-二硝基-1,4-二氢吡唑并[4,3-c]吡唑（3）结晶为三维高能金属有机骨架（MOF）并具有出色的爆炸性能，甚至优于传统的主要爆炸性叠氮化铅。化合物7表现出1.939 g cm的高晶体密度^－3，具有213°C的高分解温度以及理想的冲击和摩擦敏感性（IS：12 J； FS：240 N）。这些综合的特性和性能使这些新颖的稠环高能化合物成为高性能高能材料的候选材料。