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Dimethyl sulfoxide, a potent oral radioprotective agent, confers radioprotection of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells independent of apoptosis.
Free Radical Biology and Medicine ( IF 7.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-25 , DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.03.021
Renjun Peng 1 , Wenting Zhang 1 , Zongchao Zuo 1 , Yajun Shan 1 , Xiaolan Liu 1 , Yingying Tang 1 , Zuyin Yu 1 , Limei Wang 1 , Yuwen Cong 1
Affiliation  

In mass casualty events involving radiation exposure, there is a substantial unmet need for identifying and developing an orally bioavailable agent that can be used to protect the hematopoietic stem cell pool and regenerate hematopoiesis after radiation injury. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), a free-radical scavenger, has shown therapeutic benefits in many preclinical and clinical studies. This study investigates the radioprotective effects of DMSO on oral administration. Single dose of oral DMSO administrated before irradiation conferred 100% survival of C57BL6/J mice receiving otherwise lethal as well as super-lethal radiation dose, with wide radioprotective time frame (from 15min to 4h). Oral DMSO not only protected radiation-induced acute hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) injury, but also ameliorated long-term BM suppression following irradiation in mice. Mechanistically, DMSO directly protected HSPC survival after irradiation in vitro and in vivo, whereas no radioprotective effect was seen in MLL-AF9-induced leukemia cells. Unexpectedly, DMSO treatment did not inhibit radiation-induced HSPC apoptosis, and the HSPC survival from Trp53-and PUMA-deficient mice after irradiation was also protected by DMSO. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate the radioprotective efficacy of oral DMSO. Given its oral efficacy and little toxicity, DMSO is an attractive candidate for human use in a wide variety of settings, including nuclear accidents and medical radiation.

中文翻译:

二甲基亚砜是一种有效的口服放射防护剂,可赋予造血干细胞和祖细胞以独立于细胞凋亡的放射防护能力。

在涉及辐射暴露的大规模人员伤亡事件中,对鉴定和开发可用于保护造血干细胞库并在辐射损伤后再生造血作用的口服生物利用度试剂的需求未得到满足。自由基清除剂二甲亚砜(DMSO)在许多临床前和临床研究中均显示出治疗益处。这项研究调查了DMSO对口服给药的辐射防护作用。辐射前单次口服DMSO可以使C57BL6 / J小鼠接受其他方式的致死剂量和超致死辐射剂量,并具有很宽的放射防护时间范围(从15分钟到4小时),可以100%存活。口服DMSO不仅可以保护辐射诱发的急性造血干细胞和祖细胞(HSPC),而且还改善了放射线对小鼠的长期BM抑制作用。从机理上讲,DMSO直接保护HSPC在体外和体内照射后的存活,而在MLL-AF9诱导的白血病细胞中未见放射防护作用。出乎意料的是,DMSO处理不能抑制辐射诱导的HSPC凋亡,并且DMSO也可以保护Trp53和PUMA缺陷小鼠在辐射后的HSPC存活率。总之,我们的发现证明了口服DMSO的放射防护功效。鉴于其口服药的功效和低毒性,DMSO是在各种环境(包括核事故和医疗辐射)中被人类广泛使用的有吸引力的候选药物。而在MLL-AF9诱导的白血病细胞中未见放射防护作用。出乎意料的是,DMSO处理不能抑制辐射诱导的HSPC凋亡,并且DMSO也可以保护Trp53和PUMA缺陷小鼠在辐射后的HSPC存活率。总之,我们的发现证明了口服DMSO的辐射防护功效。鉴于其口服药的功效和低毒性,DMSO是在各种环境(包括核事故和医疗辐射)中被人类广泛使用的有吸引力的候选药物。而在MLL-AF9诱导的白血病细胞中未见放射防护作用。出乎意料的是,DMSO处理不能抑制辐射诱导的HSPC细胞凋亡,并且DMSO还可以保护Trp53和PUMA缺陷小鼠在辐射后的HSPC存活率。总之,我们的发现证明了口服DMSO的辐射防护功效。鉴于其口服药的功效和低毒性,DMSO是在各种环境(包括核事故和医疗辐射)中被人类广泛使用的有吸引力的候选药物。
更新日期:2020-03-26
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