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Regulation of keratin network dynamics by the mechanical properties of the environment in migrating cells.
Scientific Reports ( IF 3.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-12 , DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61242-5
Anne Pora 1 , Sungjun Yoon 1 , Georg Dreissen 2 , Bernd Hoffmann 2 , Rudolf Merkel 2 , Reinhard Windoffer 1 , Rudolf E Leube 1
Affiliation  

Keratin intermediate filaments provide mechanical resilience for epithelia. They are nevertheless highly dynamic and turn over continuously, even in sessile keratinocytes. The aim of this study was to characterize and understand how the dynamic behavior of the keratin cytoskeleton is integrated in migrating cells. By imaging human primary keratinocytes producing fluorescent reporters and by using standardized image analysis we detect inward-directed keratin flow with highest rates in the cell periphery. The keratin flow correlates with speed and trajectory of migration. Changes in fibronectin-coating density and substrate stiffness induces concordant changes in migration speed and keratin flow. When keratinocytes are pseudo-confined on stripes, migration speed and keratin flow are reduced affecting the latter disproportionately. The regulation of keratin flow is linked to the regulation of actin flow. Local speed and direction of keratin and actin flow are very similar in migrating keratinocytes with keratin flow lagging behind actin flow. Conversely, reduced actin flow in areas of high keratin density indicates an inhibitory function of keratins on actin dynamics. Together, we propose that keratins enhance persistence of migration by directing actin dynamics and that the interplay of keratin and actin dynamics is modulated by matrix adhesions.

中文翻译:

迁移细胞中环境的机械特性对角蛋白网络动力学的调节。

角蛋白中间丝为上皮提供机械弹性。尽管如此,它们仍然具有很高的动态性,并且即使在无柄角质形成细胞中也可以连续翻转。这项研究的目的是表征和了解角蛋白细胞骨架的动态行为如何整合到迁移细胞中。通过对产生荧光报告基因的人原代角质形成细胞进行成像,并通过使用标准化的图像分析,我们可以检测到在细胞外围具有最高比率的内向角质形成流。角蛋白流动与迁移的速度和轨迹相关。纤连蛋白涂层密度和基质刚度的变化引起迁移速度和角蛋白流动的一致变化。当角质形成细胞被伪限制在条纹上时,迁移速度和角质流动减少,从而不成比例地影响后者。角蛋白流量的调节与肌动蛋白流量的调节有关。在迁移角质形成细胞时,角蛋白的局部速度和方向与肌动蛋白流非常相似,其中角蛋白流滞后于肌动蛋白流。相反,在高角蛋白密度区域中肌动蛋白流量减少表明角蛋白对肌动蛋白动力学具有抑制作用。在一起,我们建议角蛋白通过指导肌动蛋白动力学增强迁移的持久性,并且角蛋白和肌动蛋白动力学的相互作用是由基质粘附调节的。
更新日期:2020-03-12
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