Graphene and Rice-Straw-Fiber-Based 3D Photothermal Aerogels for Highly Efficient Solar Evaporation,ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

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Graphene and Rice-Straw-Fiber-Based 3D Photothermal Aerogels for Highly Efficient Solar Evaporation
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces ( IF 8.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-18 , DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c01707
Daniel Peter Storer _{1,

2} , Jack Leslie Phelps _{1,

2} , Xuan Wu ₁ , Gary Owens ₁ , Nasreen Islam Khan ₁ , Haolan Xu ₁

Affiliation

Solar-steam generation is one of the most promising technologies to mitigate the issue of clean water shortage using sustainable solar energy. Photothermal aerogels, especially the three-dimensional (3D) graphene-based aerogels, have shown unique merits for solar-steam generation, such as lightweight, high flexibility, and superior evaporation rate and energy efficiency. However, 3D aerogels require much more raw materials of graphene, which limits their large-scale applications. In this study, 3D photothermal aerogels composed of reduced graphene oxide (RGO) nanosheets, rice-straw-derived cellulose fibers, and sodium alginate (SA) are prepared for solar-steam generation. The use of rice straw fibers as skeletal support significantly reduces the need for the more expensive RGO by 43.5%, turning the rice straw biomass waste into value-added materials. The integration of rice straw fibers and RGO significantly enhances the flexibility and mechanical stability of the obtained photothermal RGO–SA–cellulose aerogel. The photothermal aerogel shows a strong broad-band light absorption of 96–97%. During solar-steam generation, the 3D photothermal aerogel effectively decreases the radiation and convection energy loss while enhancing energy harvesting from the environment, leading to an extremely high evaporation rate of 2.25 kg m^–2 h^–1, corresponding to an energy conversion efficiency of 88.9% under 1.0 sun irradiation. The salinity of clean water collected during the evaporation of real seawater is only 0.37 ppm. The materials are environmentally friendly and cost-effective, showing great potential for real-world desalination applications.

中文翻译：

基于石墨烯和稻草纤维的3D光热气凝胶，可实现高效的太阳能蒸发

太阳能蒸汽发电是使用可持续太阳能缓解清洁水短缺问题的最有前途的技术之一。光热气凝胶，特别是基于三维（3D）石墨烯的气凝胶，已显示出产生太阳能蒸汽的独特优点，例如重量轻，柔性高，蒸发速率和能量效率高。但是，3D气凝胶需要更多的石墨烯原材料，这限制了它们的大规模应用。在这项研究中，制备了由还原的氧化石墨烯（RGO）纳米片，稻草衍生的纤维素纤维和藻酸钠（SA）组成的3D光热气凝胶，用于产生太阳蒸汽。使用稻草纤维作为骨骼支撑可将对较昂贵的RGO的需求减少43.5％，把稻草的生物质废弃物变成增值材料。稻草纤维和RGO的整合显着增强了获得的光热RGO-SA-纤维素气凝胶的柔韧性和机械稳定性。光热气凝胶显示出96-97％的强宽带光吸收。在产生太阳蒸汽期间，3D光热气凝胶有效地减少了辐射和对流能量损失，同时增强了从环境中收集能量的能力，从而导致2.25 kg m的极高蒸发速率^–2 h ^–1，对应于1.0太阳辐射下的能量转换效率为88.9％。实际海水蒸发过程中收集的净水盐度仅为0.37 ppm。该材料环保且具有成本效益，在现实世界的海水淡化应用中显示出巨大潜力。

更新日期：2020-03-19

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