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Somewhere between dystopia and utopia
Journal of Medical Ethics ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-21 , DOI: 10.1136/medethics-2020-106126
Jesse Wall 1
Affiliation  

The Journal of Medical Ethics can sometimes read part Men Like Gods and part A Brave New World . At times, we learn how all controversies can resolved with reference to four (or five) principles. At other times, we learn how “every discovery in pure science is potentially subversive”.1 This issue is no exception. Here, we can read about the utopia of gene editing, manufactured organs, and machine learnt algorithmic decision-making. We can also read about the dystopia of inherited disorders from edited germlines, the testing of xenotransplants on braindead patients, and misdiagnosis by artificial intelligence. What we see in the three papers that I will foreground here is the application of medical ethics to avoid the dystopia while preserving the promises of medical science. But as I seek to explain here, our ability to address the controversies that we anticipate in medical science depend on our ability to refine our understanding of what medical ethics requires of us now. From the diagnosis of eye diseases from fungus images to predicting the risk of imminent risk of suicide attempts, machine learnt medical decision making has, in some high profile instances, outperformed clinicians in medical diagnosis and treatment recommendations. While clinician and machine learnt diagnoses will both involve degrees of uncertainty and fallibility, Thomas Grote2 asks us to consider is how much weight a clinician ought to give an algorithmic diagnosis which she disagreements with. Since a clinician is held to account for …

中文翻译:

介于反乌托邦和乌托邦之间

《医学伦理学杂志》有时可以阅读部分像神一样的人和部分美丽的新世界。有时,我们会学习如何参考四(或五)项原则来解决所有争议。在其他时候,我们会了解到“纯科学中的每一项发现都具有潜在的颠覆性”。1 这个问题也不例外。在这里,我们可以了解基因编辑、人造器官和机器学习算法决策的乌托邦。我们还可以从编辑过的生殖系中了解遗传性疾病的反乌托邦、脑死亡患者的异种移植测试以及人工智能的误诊。我们在这三篇论文中看到的是,我将在此强调应用医学伦理学来避免反乌托邦,同时保持医学科学的承诺。但正如我在这里试图解释的那样,我们解决医学科学中预期的争议的能力取决于我们对医学伦理现在对我们的要求的理解能力。从通过真菌图像诊断眼部疾病到预测即将发生的自杀未遂风险,机器学习医疗决策在某些引人注目的情况下,在医疗诊断和治疗建议方面的表现优于临床医生。虽然临床医生和机器学习的诊断都涉及不确定性和易错性的程度,但 Thomas Grote2 要求我们考虑临床医生应该给予她不同意的算法诊断多少权重。由于临床医生被要求负责…… 从通过真菌图像诊断眼部疾病到预测即将发生的自杀未遂风险,机器学习医疗决策在某些引人注目的情况下,在医疗诊断和治疗建议方面的表现优于临床医生。虽然临床医生和机器学习的诊断都涉及不确定性和易错性的程度,但 Thomas Grote2 要求我们考虑临床医生应该给予她不同意的算法诊断多少权重。由于临床医生被要求负责…… 从通过真菌图像诊断眼部疾病到预测即将发生的自杀未遂风险,机器学习医疗决策在某些引人注目的情况下,在医疗诊断和治疗建议方面的表现优于临床医生。虽然临床医生和机器学习的诊断都涉及不确定性和易错性的程度,但 Thomas Grote2 要求我们考虑临床医生应该给予她不同意的算法诊断多少权重。由于临床医生被要求负责…… 虽然临床医生和机器学习的诊断都涉及不确定性和易错性的程度,但 Thomas Grote2 要求我们考虑临床医生应该给予她不同意的算法诊断多少权重。由于临床医生被要求负责…… 虽然临床医生和机器学习的诊断都涉及不确定性和易错性的程度,但 Thomas Grote2 要求我们考虑临床医生应该给予她不同意的算法诊断多少权重。由于临床医生被要求负责……
更新日期:2020-02-21
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