Polymerization reaction of a typical thermosetting benzoxazine monomer, BA-a, is tailored intentionally by particular Lewis acids including aluminium trichloride (AlCl₃), phosphorus pentachloride (PCl₅) and zinc chloride (ZnCl₂), and polybenzoxazines with different crosslinking structures are obtained. Their rheological behaviors, polymerization mechanisms, chemical crosslinking structures and thermal properties are systematically studied. The results suggest that AlCl₃ and PCl₅ are much more efficient than ZnCl₂ to affect the polymerization reaction of BA-a. PCl₅ and AlCl₃ can promote the generation of more carbocations, thus the polymerization of benzoxazine follows cationic chain polymerization mechanism. However, in the presence of less effective ZnCl₂ or in the case of neat benzoxazine, the polymerization follows step polymerization mechanism. It is learned that the Lewis acids can promote crosslinking reaction of dangling arylamine benzene rings and form arylamine Mannich linkages that vary with the catalytic efficiency of the Lewis acids. As a result, the increase of impact strength by 36.4%, the increase of flexural strength by 243.4%, the increase of flexural modulus by 42% and the increase of char yield by 18.6% (absolute value) can be achieved by using different Lewis acids.

典型的热固性苯并恶嗪单体BA-a的聚合反应是通过特殊的路易斯酸（包括三氯化铝（AlCl ₃），五氯化磷（PCl ₅）和氯化锌（ZnCl ₂））特意定制的，并获得具有不同交联结构的聚苯并恶嗪。系统地研究了它们的流变行为，聚合机理，化学交联结构和热性能。结果表明，AlCl ₃和PCl ₅比ZnCl ₂更有效地影响BA-a的聚合反应。PCl ₅和AlCl ₃可以促进更多碳正离子的生成，因此苯并恶嗪的聚合遵循阳离子链聚合机理。然而，在ZnCl ₂效力较低的情况下或在纯苯并恶嗪的情况下，聚合遵循逐步聚合机理。据了解，路易斯酸可以促进悬空的芳基胺苯环的交联反应，并形成随路易斯酸的催化效率而变化的芳基胺曼尼希键。结果，通过使用不同的Lewis，可以实现冲击强度的增加36.4％，弯曲强度的增加243.4％，弯曲模量的增加42％和炭产量的增加18.6％（绝对值）。酸。