Abstract The modification of silica particles with phenyltrimethoxysilane or N-[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]aniline via a sol–gel reaction was performed in order to improve the dispersion of silica and antidegradation in natural rubber (NR). The functional groups on the modified silica surface were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, while the morphology was evaluated by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The surface properties and antioxidant activity of the modified silica particles were determined by the water contact angle and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay, respectively. The modified silica particles exhibited a higher hydrophobicity and a decreased interfacial adhesion energy compared with the unmodified silica particles. The modified silica particles were then incorporated into NR. The better dispersion of the modified silica particles than the unmodified ones in the NR matrix resulted in improved mechanical properties in terms of the modulus at 300% elongation (2.9 ± 0.02 MPa), hardness (52.5 ± 0.2 Shore A), abrasion resistance (241 ± 8 mm 3 ) and compression set (20.2 ± 0.6%). In addition, the inclusion of the modified silica particles in the NR matrix gave a high initial temperature of decomposition and retarded the ozone-induced degradation compared with the NR filled with unmodified silica particles.

中文翻译：

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苯基三甲氧基硅烷或 N-[3-(三甲氧基甲硅烷基)丙基]苯胺改性二氧化硅颗粒在天然橡胶复合材料中的抗降解和补强作用

摘要 通过溶胶-凝胶反应用苯基三甲氧基硅烷或 N-[3-(三甲氧基甲硅烷基)丙基]苯胺对二氧化硅颗粒进行改性，以提高二氧化硅在天然橡胶 (NR) 中的分散性和抗降解性。改性二氧化硅表面的官能团通过傅里叶变换红外光谱进行表征，而形态通过扫描和透射电子显微镜进行评估。改性二氧化硅颗粒的表面性质和抗氧化活性分别通过水接触角和2, 2-二苯基-1-苦基肼测定法测定。与未改性的二氧化硅颗粒相比，改性的二氧化硅颗粒表现出更高的疏水性和降低的界面粘附能。然后将改性二氧化硅颗粒掺入到 NR 中。改性二氧化硅颗粒在 NR 基体中的分散性比未改性二氧化硅颗粒更好，因此在 300% 伸长率 (2.9 ± 0.02 MPa)、硬度 (52.5 ± 0.2 邵氏 A)、耐磨性 (241 ± 8 mm 3 ) 和压缩永久变形 (20.2 ± 0.6%)。此外，与填充未改性二氧化硅颗粒的 NR 相比，将改性二氧化硅颗粒包含在 NR 基质中提供了较高的初始分解温度并延缓了臭氧诱导的降解。