Abstract Solar steam generation is one of the most promising and efficient methods to solve freshwater shortage and to treat the wastewater over the world. However, the preparation of the solar steam generator with simple preparation process, controlled porous structure, high mechanical strength and energy conversion efficiency is still a challenge. Here, we report a bilayered heterocyclic conjugated microporous polymers aerogels based solar receiver by combination of the one-pot Sonogashira–Hagihara reaction of 2-amino-3,5-dibromopyridine and 1,3,5-triethynylbenzene and spraying the polypyrrole on the surface of the aerogels for the solar steam generation. The as-prepared solar steam generator shows nanotubular structure with high porosity (94%), excellent light absorption (ca. 94%), low thermal conductivity (0.031 W m−1 k−1), rapid water transport performance and superior mechanical strength (0.54 MPa under 75% of strain). Under 1 sun illumination, the conjugated microporous polymers aerogels based solar steam generator achieved a high energy conversion efficiency of 80%. This work may provide a simple and novel way to design and fabricate solar receiver with adjustable structure.

中文翻译：

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基于富氮共轭微孔聚合物纳米管的双层超轻气凝胶的高效太阳能蒸汽产生

摘要 太阳能蒸汽发电是世界上解决淡水短缺和废水处理最有前途和最有效的方法之一。然而，制备工艺简单、多孔结构可控、机械强度高、能量转换效率高的太阳能蒸汽发生器仍然是一个挑战。在这里，我们通过结合 2-氨基-3,5-二溴吡啶和 1,3,5-三乙炔基苯的单锅 Sonogashira-Hagihara 反应并在表面喷涂聚吡咯，报告了一种基于双层杂环共轭微孔聚合物气凝胶的太阳能接收器用于太阳能蒸汽产生的气凝胶。所制备的太阳能蒸汽发生器具有高孔隙率（94%）、优异的光吸收（约 94%）、低热导率（0.031 W m-1 k-1）的纳米管结构，快速的输水性能和优越的机械强度（75% 应变下 0.54 MPa）。在1太阳光照射下，基于共轭微孔聚合物气凝胶的太阳能蒸汽发生器实现了80%的高能量转换效率。这项工作可能为设计和制造具有可调结构的太阳能接收器提供一种简单而新颖的方法。