All-Polymer Conducting Fibers and 3D Prints via Melt Processing and Templated Polymerization,ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

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All-Polymer Conducting Fibers and 3D Prints via Melt Processing and Templated Polymerization
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces ( IF 8.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-11 , DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b20615
Anna I Hofmann ₁ , Ida Östergren ₁ , Youngseok Kim ₂ , Sven Fauth ₁ , Mariavittoria Craighero ₁ , Myung-Han Yoon ₂ , Anja Lund ₁ , Christian Müller ₁

Affiliation

Because of their attractive mechanical properties, conducting polymers are widely perceived as materials of choice for wearable electronics and electronic textiles. However, most state-of-the-art conducting polymers contain harmful dopants and are only processable from solution but not in bulk, restricting the design possibilities for applications that require conducting micro-to-millimeter scale structures, such as textile fibers or thermoelectric modules. In this work, we present a strategy based on melt processing that enables the fabrication of nonhazardous, all-polymer conducting bulk structures composed of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) polymerized within a Nafion template. Importantly, we employ classical polymer processing techniques including melt extrusion followed by fiber spinning or fused filament 3D printing, which cannot be implemented with the majority of doped polymers. To demonstrate the versatility of our approach, we fabricated melt-spun PEDOT:Nafion fibers, which are highly flexible, retain their conductivity of about 3 S cm^–1 upon stretching to 100% elongation, and can be used to construct organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs). Furthermore, we demonstrate the precise 3D printing of complex conducting structures from OECTs to centimeter-sized PEDOT:Nafion figurines and millimeter-thick 100-leg thermoelectric modules on textile substrates. Thus, our strategy opens up new possibilities for the design of conducting, all-polymer bulk structures and the development of wearable electronics and electronic textiles.

中文翻译：

通过熔融加工和模板聚合进行全聚合物导电纤维和 3D 打印

由于其具有吸引力的机械性能，导电聚合物被广泛认为是可穿戴电子产品和电子纺织品的首选材料。然而，大多数最先进的导电聚合物都含有有害的掺杂剂，并且只能从溶液中加工，而不能批量加工，这限制了需要导电微米级到毫米级结构的应用的设计可能性，例如纺织纤维或热电模块。在这项工作中，我们提出了一种基于熔体加工的策略，该策略能够制造由在 Nafion 模板内聚合的聚（3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩）（PEDOT）组成的无害、全聚合物导电本体结构。重要的是，我们采用了经典的聚合物加工技术，包括熔融挤出，然后进行纤维纺丝或熔丝 3D 打印，而大多数掺杂聚合物无法实现这些技术。为了证明我们方法的多功能性，我们制造了熔纺 PEDOT:Nafion 纤维，该纤维具有高度柔韧性，在拉伸至 100% 伸长率时保持约 3 S cm ^–1的电导率，可用于构建有机电化学晶体管（ OECT）。此外，我们还展示了复杂导电结构的精确 3D 打印，从 OECT 到厘米大小的 PEDOT:Nafion 雕像，再到纺织基材上毫米厚的 100 腿热电模块。因此，我们的策略为导电、全聚合物本体结构的设计以及可穿戴电子产品和电子纺织品的开发开辟了新的可能性。

更新日期：2020-02-11

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