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Formation of non-equilibrium ductile solid solutions and textures in NbCr2 bulks produced by mechanical milling and spark plasma sintering
Journal of Alloys and Compounds ( IF 5.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2020.154130
Fei Gao , Shuangming Li , Kewei Li

Abstract Bulk NbCr2 samples with ultra-fine grains have been fabricated by mechanical milling and subsequent spark plasma sintering. The room-temperature fracture toughness of these bulk samples achieves as high as 11.3 ± 0.5 MPa m1/2, which is remarkably improved compared to the as-cast monolithic NbCr2 Laves phase (1.2 MPa m1/2). The microstructural analysis indicates the presence of abundant non-equilibrium Nb and Cr solid solutions among the grain boundaries. The formation of Nb and Cr solid solutions is attributed to the applied pulsed electric current during spark plasma sintering, which can decrease the critical nucleation undercooling, accelerate the atomic diffusion and enhance the nucleation rate. Based on the microstructural characterization, the enhancement in fracture toughness is ascribed to formation of non-equilibrium Nb and Cr solid solutions toughening and grain boundary toughening mechanisms. Furthermore, strong texture components have been detected in these bulk samples. For the sample sintered with the powder milled for 30 h, the direction of NbCr2 Laves phase is perpendicular to the compressive axis while the Nb and Cr solid solutions show random orientation. When sintered with the powder milled for 60 h and 90 h, the texture component in NbCr2 Laves phase transforms into fiber texture, and the Cr solid solution also show strong and texture components perpendicular to the compressive axis. The evolution of texture component is discussed by considering the crystallization behaviour of the milled powders.

中文翻译:

通过机械铣削和放电等离子烧结生产的 NbCr2 块体中非平衡韧性固溶体和织构的形成

摘要 通过机械研磨和随后的放电等离子烧结制备了具有超细晶粒的块状 NbCr2 样品。这些大块样品的室温断裂韧性高达 11.3 ± 0.5 MPa m1/2,与铸态整体 NbCr2 Laves 相 (1.2 MPa m1/2) 相比有了显着提高。显微组织分析表明在晶界之间存在大量的非平衡 Nb 和 Cr 固溶体。Nb和Cr固溶体的形成归因于放电等离子体烧结过程中施加的脉冲电流,这可以降低临界成核过冷度,加速原子扩散并提高成核速率。基于微观结构表征,断裂韧性的提高归因于非平衡 Nb 和 Cr 固溶增韧和晶界增韧机制的形成。此外,在这些大块样品中检测到了强烈的纹理成分。对于研磨 30 h 的粉末烧结的样品,NbCr2 Laves 相的方向垂直于压缩轴,而 Nb 和 Cr 固溶体显示随机取向。当与研磨60 h和90 h的粉末烧结时,NbCr2 Laves相中的织构成分转变为纤维织构,Cr固溶体也表现出垂直于压缩轴的强织构成分。通过考虑研磨粉末的结晶行为来讨论织构组分的演变。此外,在这些大块样品中检测到了强烈的纹理成分。对于研磨 30 h 的粉末烧结的样品,NbCr2 Laves 相的方向垂直于压缩轴,而 Nb 和 Cr 固溶体显示随机取向。当与研磨60 h和90 h的粉末烧结时,NbCr2 Laves相中的织构成分转变为纤维织构,Cr固溶体也表现出垂直于压缩轴的强织构成分。通过考虑研磨粉末的结晶行为来讨论织构组分的演变。此外,在这些大块样品中检测到了强烈的纹理成分。对于研磨 30 h 的粉末烧结的样品,NbCr2 Laves 相的方向垂直于压缩轴,而 Nb 和 Cr 固溶体显示随机取向。当与研磨60 h和90 h的粉末烧结时,NbCr2 Laves相中的织构成分转变为纤维织构,Cr固溶体也表现出垂直于压缩轴的强织构成分。通过考虑研磨粉末的结晶行为来讨论织构组分的演变。NbCr2 Laves 相的方向垂直于压缩轴,而 Nb 和 Cr 固溶体显示随机取向。当与研磨60 h和90 h的粉末烧结时,NbCr2 Laves相中的织构成分转变为纤维织构,Cr固溶体也表现出垂直于压缩轴的强织构成分。通过考虑研磨粉末的结晶行为来讨论织构组分的演变。NbCr2 Laves 相的方向垂直于压缩轴,而 Nb 和 Cr 固溶体显示随机取向。当与研磨60 h和90 h的粉末烧结时,NbCr2 Laves相中的织构成分转变为纤维织构,Cr固溶体也表现出垂直于压缩轴的强织构成分。通过考虑研磨粉末的结晶行为来讨论织构组分的演变。
更新日期:2020-06-01
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