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A Fireproof, Lightweight, Polymer-Polymer Solid-State Electrolyte for Safe Lithium Batteries.
Nano Letters ( IF 9.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-05 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b04815
Yi Cui 1 , Jiayu Wan 1 , Yusheng Ye 1 , Kai Liu 1 , Lien-Yang Chou 1 , Yi Cui 1, 2
Affiliation  

Safety issues in lithium-ion batteries have raised serious concerns due to their ubiquitous utilization and close contact with the human body. Replacing flammable liquid electrolytes, solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) is thought to address this issue as well as provide unmatched energy densities in Li-based batteries. However, among the most intensively studied SSEs, polymeric solid electrolyte and polymer/ceramic composites are usually flammable, leaving the safety issue unattended. Here, we report the first design of a fireproof, ultralightweight polymer-polymer SSE. The SSE is composed of a porous mechanic enforcer (polyimide, PI), a fire-retardant additive (decabromodiphenyl ethane, DBDPE), and a ionic conductive polymer electrolyte (poly(ethylene oxide)/lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide). The whole SSE is made from organic materials, with a thin, tunable thickness (10-25 μm), which endorse the energy density comparable to conventional separator/liquid electrolytes. The PI/DBDPE film is thermally stable, nonflammable, and mechanically strong, preventing Li-Li symmetrical cells from short-circuiting after more than 300 h of cycling. LiFePO4/Li half cells with our SSE show a high rate performance (131 mAh g-1 at 1 C) as well as cycling performance (300 cycles at C/2 rate) at 60 °C. Most intriguingly, pouch cells made with our polymer-polymer SSE still functioned well even under flame abuse tests.

中文翻译:

一种用于安全锂电池的防火,轻质,聚合物聚合物固态电解质。

锂离子电池的安全问题由于其无处不在的利用和与人体的紧密接触而引起了严重的关注。固态电解质(SSE)替代了易燃的液体电解质,可以解决此问题,并在锂基电池中提供无与伦比的能量密度。但是,在研究最深入的SSE中,聚合物固体电解质和聚合物/陶瓷复合材料通常是易燃的,因此安全问题无人关注。在这里,我们报告了防火,超轻型聚合物SSE的第一个设计。SSE由多孔机械增强剂(聚酰亚胺,PI),阻燃添加剂(十溴二苯乙烷,DBDPE)和离子导电聚合物电解质(聚环氧乙烷/双三氟甲烷磺酰基锂)组成。整个SSE由有机材料制成,具有可调节的薄厚度(10-25μm),与传统的隔膜/液体电解质相比,其能量密度高。PI / DBDPE膜具有热稳定性,不可燃性和机械强度,可防止Li-Li对称电池在循环300小时后发生短路。使用我们的SSE的LiFePO4 / Li半电池在60°C时显示出高速率性能(在1 C下为131 mAh g-1)以及循环性能(在C / 2速率下为300个循环)。最有趣的是,即使在火焰滥用测试下,用我们的聚合物SSE制成的袋式电池仍能正常工作。防止Li-Li对称电池在循环300小时后短路。使用我们的SSE的LiFePO4 / Li半电池在60°C时显示出高速率性能(在1 C下为131 mAh g-1)以及循环性能(在C / 2速率下为300个循环)。最有趣的是,即使在火焰滥用测试下,用我们的聚合物SSE制成的袋式电池仍能正常工作。防止Li-Li对称电池在循环300小时后短路。使用我们的SSE的LiFePO4 / Li半电池在60°C时显示出高速率性能(在1 C下为131 mAh g-1)以及循环性能(在C / 2速率下为300个循环)。最有趣的是,即使在火焰滥用测试下,用我们的聚合物SSE制成的袋式电池仍能正常工作。
更新日期:2020-02-06
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