早期饲养的富集影响了散养蛋鸡的产蛋量和蛋的质量。,Animal

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早期饲养的富集影响了散养蛋鸡的产蛋量和蛋的质量。
Animal ( IF 4.0 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-07 , DOI: 10.1017/s1751731119003094
M S Bari _{1,

2} , A M Cohen-Barnhouse ₁ , D L M Campbell ₂

Affiliation

在澳大利亚，散养产卵小鸡通常在室内饲养，但成年产蛋鸡可以在室外使用。这种新环境可能难以适应，这可能会损害鸡蛋的产量和/或鸡蛋的质量。可以通过增加养分来增强适应能力。我们在16周内进行了3种处理，在室内饲养了1386只Hy-LineBrown®雏鸡：（1）具有标准垫料窝条件的对照组；（2）提供每周更换的新物体的新颖性小组；（3）结构丰富性小组带有定制设计的结构，可以部分削弱笔的可见性并允许垂直移动。在16周龄时将小鸡转移到自由放养系统中，每天从25周到64周提供室外接触。每天在不同产蛋位置（大窝，小窝和地面）产蛋，记录了18至64周龄的每周鸡蛋重量和鸡蛋异常情况。在第44、52、60和64周时，对蛋的重量，蛋壳反射率，蛋白高度，哈夫单位，蛋黄色评分，蛋壳重量和蛋壳厚度的外部和内部蛋质量参数进行了测量。从第18周到第25周，养鸡处理和产蛋箱使用之间存在显着的交互作用（P <0.0001），其中新颖的母鸡产蛋最多，而对照组的产蛋箱最少。同样，从26到64周，与结构型和对照型母鸡相比，新奇的母鸡在大型巢箱内产卵更多，而在地板上产卵更少（P <0.0001）。鸡蛋的重量和异常随着年龄的增长而增加（P <0.0001），但饲养方法对这两种措施均无影响（P均≥0.19）。饲养处理影响了蛋壳的反射率和蛋黄色，相对而言，对照母鸡在一段时间内显示出较淡的颜色，这相对于来自母鸡的鸡蛋的变化而言。新奇的母鸡可能已经建立了巢箱铺设模式，因为它们更习惯于探索新环境。鸡蛋品质的差异可能与压力适应性或测距行为有关。这项研究表明，饲养过程中的丰富环境可能会对散养母鸡的生产参数产生一些影响。鸡蛋品质的差异可能与压力适应性或测距行为有关。这项研究表明，饲养过程中的丰富环境可能会对散养母鸡的生产参数产生一些影响。鸡蛋品质的差异可能与压力适应性或测距行为有关。这项研究表明，饲养过程中的丰富环境可能会对散养母鸡的生产参数产生一些影响。

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Early rearing enrichments influenced nest use and egg quality in free-range laying hens.

In Australia, free-range egg production pullets are typically reared indoors, but adult layers get outdoor access. This new environment may be challenging to adapt to, which could impair egg production and/or egg quality. Adaptation might be enhanced through rearing enrichments. We reared 1386 Hy-Line Brown® chicks indoors with three treatments across 16 weeks: (1) a control group with standard litter housing conditions, (2) a novelty group providing novel objects that changed weekly, and (3) a structural enrichment group with custom-designed structures to partially impair visibility across the pen and allow for vertical movement. Pullets were transferred to a free-range system at 16 weeks of age with daily outdoor access provided from 25 until 64 weeks. Daily egg production at different laying locations (large nests, small nests and floor), weekly egg weights and egg abnormalities were recorded from 18 to 64 weeks old. External and internal egg quality parameters of egg weight, shell reflectivity, albumen height, haugh unit, yolk colour score, shell weight and shell thickness were measured at 44, 52, 60 and 64 weeks. There was a significant interaction between rearing treatment and nest box use on hen-day production from weeks 18 to 25 (P < 0.0001) with the novelty hens laying the most eggs and the control hens the fewest eggs in the nest box. Similarly, from 26 to 64 weeks, the novelty hens laid more eggs in the large nest boxes and fewer eggs on the floor than both the structural and control hens (P < 0.0001). Egg weight and abnormalities increased with age (P < 0.0001), but rearing treatment had no effect on either measure (both P ≥ 0.19). Rearing treatment affected shell reflectivity and yolk colour with the control hens showing paler colours across time relative to the changes observed in the eggs from enriched hens. The novelty hens may have established nest box laying patterns as they were more accustomed to exploring new environments. The differences in egg quality could be related to stress adaptability or ranging behaviour. This study shows that enriching environments during rearing can have some impacts on production parameters in free-range hens.

更新日期：2020-01-07

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