Purpose of Review

To provide a snapshot of the current research on the oceanic forcing of the atmospheric circulation in midlatitudes and a concise update on previous review papers.

Recent Findings

Atmospheric models used for seasonal and longer timescales predictions are starting to resolve motions so far only studied in conjunction with weather forecasts. These phenomena have horizontal scales of ~ 10–100 km which coincide with energetic scales in the ocean circulation. Evidence has been presented that, as a result of this matching of scale, oceanic forcing of the atmosphere was enhanced in models with 10–100 km grid size, especially at upper tropospheric levels. The robustness of these results and their underlying mechanisms are however unclear.

Summary

Despite indications that higher resolution atmospheric models respond more strongly to sea surface temperature anomalies, their responses are still generally weaker than those estimated empirically from observations. Coarse atmospheric models (grid size greater than 100 km) will miss important signals arising from future changes in ocean circulation unless new parameterizations are developed.

中文翻译：

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模拟中纬度大气环流：我们可以从海气相互作用的高分辨率建模中获得什么？

审查目的

提供当前中纬度地区大气环流海洋强迫研究的概况，并对之前的综述论文进行简明更新。

最近的发现

用于季节性和较长时间尺度预测的大气模型开始解决迄今为止仅与天气预报结合研究的运动。这些现象的水平尺度约为 10-100 公里，与海洋环流的能量尺度一致。有证据表明，由于这种比例匹配，在网格尺寸为 10-100 公里的模型中，大气的海洋强迫得到了增强，特别是在对流层上层。然而，这些结果的稳健性及其潜在机制尚不清楚。

概括

尽管有迹象表明，更高分辨率的大气模型对海面温度异常的响应更强烈，但它们的响应通常仍然弱于根据观测经验估计的响应。除非开发新的参数化，否则粗略的大气模型（网格尺寸大于 100 公里）将错过海洋环流未来变化所产生的重要信号。