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Evolutionary trajectories of tooth histology patterns in modern sharks (Chondrichthyes, Elasmobranchii).
Journal of Anatomy ( IF 1.8 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-22 , DOI: 10.1111/joa.13145
Patrick L Jambura 1 , Julia Türtscher 1 , René Kindlimann 2 , Brian Metscher 3 , Cathrin Pfaff 1 , Sebastian Stumpf 1 , Gerhard W Weber 4, 5 , Jürgen Kriwet 1
Affiliation  

During their evolutionary history, modern sharks developed different tooth mineralization patterns that resulted in very distinct histological patterns of the tooth crown (histotypes). To date, three different tooth histotypes have been distinguished: (i) orthodont teeth, which have a central hollow pulp cavity in the crown, encapsulated by a prominent layer of dentine (orthodentine); (ii) pseudoosteodont teeth, which have their pulp cavities secondarily replaced by a dentinal core of porous dentine (osteodentine), encased by orthodentine; and (iii) osteodont teeth, which lack orthodentine and the whole tooth crown of which consists of osteodentine. The aim of the present study was to trace evolutionary trends of tooth mineralization patterns in modern sharks and to find evidence for the presence of phylogenetic or functional signals. High resolution micro-computed tomography images were generated for the teeth of members of all nine extant shark orders and the putative stem group †Synechodontiformes, represented here by three taxa, to examine the tooth histology non-destructively. Pseudoosteodonty is the predominant state among modern sharks and represents unambiguously the plesiomorphic condition. Orthodonty evolved several times independently in modern sharks, while the osteodont tooth histotype is only developed in lamniform sharks. The two shark orders Heterodontiformes and Pristiophoriformes showed highly modified tooth histologies, with Pristiophorus exhibiting a histology only known from batomorphs (i.e. rays and skates), and Heterodontus showing a histological difference between anterior and posterior teeth, indicating a link between its tooth morphology, histology and durophagous lifestyle. The tooth histotype concept has proven to be a useful tool to reflect links between histology, function and its taxonomic value for distinct taxa; however, a high degree of variation, especially in the pseudoosteodont tooth histotype, demonstrates that the current histotype concept is too simplistic to fully resolve these relationships. The vascularization pattern of the dentine might offer new future research pathways for better understanding functional and phylogenetic signals in the tooth histology of modern sharks.

中文翻译:

现代鲨鱼(Chondrichthyes,Elasmobranchii)牙齿组织学模式的演变轨迹。

在其进化史上,现代鲨鱼发展出不同的牙齿矿化模式,从而导致了非常不同的牙冠组织学模式(组织型)。迄今为止,已区分出三种不同的牙齿组织类型:(i)正畸牙齿,其在冠部具有中央空心牙髓腔,并由突出的牙本质层(正齿)包裹;(ii)假骨牙,其牙髓腔其次被正牙本质包埋的多孔牙本质(骨牙本质)的牙本质核代替;(iii)缺少正齿牙本质且其整个牙冠由正齿牙本质组成的骨齿。本研究的目的是追踪现代鲨鱼牙齿矿化模式的演变趋势,并寻找系统发育或功能信号存在的证据。为所有九个现存鲨鱼科的成员的牙齿和假定的茎类†Synechodontiformes(此处以三个分类单元代表)生成了高分辨率的微型计算机断层扫描图像,以无损检查牙齿的组织学。假牙正畸是现代鲨鱼中的主要状态,并且明确地代表了准整形状态。在现代鲨鱼中,正畸独立发生了数次进化,而仅在层状鲨鱼中发展了骨齿牙齿的组织型。这两个鲨鱼阶异齿龙和齿齿龙显示出高度的牙齿组织学变化,其中Pristiophorus展现出仅从Batomorphs(即射线和溜冰鞋)中获知的组织学,而Heterodontus展现出前齿和后齿之间的组织学差异,表明其牙齿形态之间的联系,组织学和食管生活方式。牙齿组织学概念已被证明是反映组织学,功能及其对于不同分类群的分类学价值之间联系的有用工具。然而,高度的变异性,特别是在假牙齿组织学中,证明了当前的组织学概念过于简单,无法完全解决这些关系。牙本质的血管化模式可能会提供新的未来研究途径,以更好地了解现代鲨鱼牙齿组织学中的功能和系统发育信号。证明了当前的组织类型概念过于简单,无法完全解决这些关系。牙本质的血管化模式可能会提供新的未来研究途径,以更好地了解现代鲨鱼牙齿组织学中的功能和系统发育信号。证明了当前的组织类型概念过于简单,无法完全解决这些关系。牙本质的血管化模式可能会提供新的未来研究途径,以更好地了解现代鲨鱼牙齿组织学中的功能和系统发育信号。
更新日期:2020-03-27
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