Engineering Multiphase Metal Halide Perovskites Thin Films for Stable and Efficient Solar Cells,Advanced Energy Materials

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Engineering Multiphase Metal Halide Perovskites Thin Films for Stable and Efficient Solar Cells
Advanced Energy Materials ( IF 24.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-30 , DOI: 10.1002/aenm.201903221
Min Kim ₁ , Jetsabel M. Figueroa‐Tapia _{1,

2} , Mirko Prato ₃ , Annamaria Petrozza ₁

Affiliation

The intrinsic instability of lead halide perovskite semiconductors in an ambient atmosphere is one of the most critical issues that impedes perovskite solar cell commercialization. To overcome it, the use of bulky organic spacers has emerged as a promising solution. The resulting perovskite thin films present complex morphologies, difficult to predict, which can directly affect the device efficiency. Here, by combining in‐depth morphological and spectroscopic characterization, it is shown that both the ionic size and the relative concentration of the organic cation, drive the integration of bulky organic cations into the crystal unit cell and the thin film, inducing different perovskite phases and different vertical distribution, then causing a significant change in the final thin film morphology. Based on these studies, a fine‐engineered perovskite is constructed by employing two different large cations, namely, ethyl ammonium and butyl ammonium. The first one takes part in the 3D perovskite phase formation, the second one works as a surface modifier by forming a passivating layer on top of the thin film. Together they lead to improved photovoltaic performance and device stability when tested in air under continuous illumination. These findings propose a general approach to achieve reliability in perovskite‐based optoelectronic devices.

中文翻译：

用于稳定高效太阳能电池的工程化多相金属卤化物钙钛矿薄膜

卤化钙钛矿半导体在环境大气中的固有不稳定性是阻碍钙钛矿太阳能电池商业化的最关键问题之一。为了克服它，使用大体积的有机间隔物已经成为有希望的解决方案。所得到的钙钛矿薄膜呈现出复杂的形态，难以预测，会直接影响器件效率。在这里，通过结合深入的形态学和光谱学表征，表明有机阳离子的离子大小和相对浓度都可以驱动庞大的有机阳离子整合到晶体晶胞和薄膜中，从而诱发不同的钙钛矿相和不同的垂直分布，然后导致最终的薄膜形态发生重大变化。根据这些研究，精细工程化的钙钛矿是通过使用两种不同的大阳离子，即乙基铵和丁基铵来构造的。第一个参与3D钙钛矿相的形成，第二个通过在薄膜顶部形成钝化层而充当表面改性剂。当在连续照明下的空气中进行测试时，它们共同提高了光伏性能和设备稳定性。这些发现提出了一种通用的方法来实现基于钙钛矿的光电设备的可靠性。当在连续照明下的空气中进行测试时，它们共同提高了光伏性能和设备稳定性。这些发现提出了一种通用的方法来实现基于钙钛矿的光电设备的可靠性。当在连续照明下的空气中进行测试时，它们共同提高了光伏性能和设备稳定性。这些发现提出了一种通用的方法来实现基于钙钛矿的光电设备的可靠性。

更新日期：2020-02-25

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