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Deciphering the Role of Fluorination: Morphological Manipulation Prompts Charge Separation and Reduces Carrier Recombination in All‐Small‐Molecule Photovoltaics
Solar RRL ( IF 6.0 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-29 , DOI: 10.1002/solr.201900528
Hua Tang 1, 2, 3 , Cenqi Yan 3 , Safakath Karuthedath 4 , Hang Yin 3, 5 , Yajun Gao 4 , Jie Gao 1 , Lerun Zhang 3 , Jiaming Huang 3 , Shu Kong So 5 , Zhipeng Kan 1 , Frédéric Laquai 4 , Gang Li 3 , Shirong Lu 1
Affiliation  

Fluorination has proven effective in increasing the absorption, downshifting the energy levels, and enhancing the crystallinity of high‐performance fused‐ring electron acceptors (FREAs). However, an in‐depth understanding of the effects of fluorination is still lacking, as research efforts have mainly focused on increasing the power conversion efficiency (PCE). In addition, fluorination on FREAs has rarely been reported in all‐small‐molecule organic solar cells (ASM OSCs). Herein, fluorination on FREAs is systematically studied in ASM OSCs using the popular FREA 2,2′‐((2Z,2′Z)‐((4,4,9,9‐tetrahexyl‐4,9‐dihydro‐s‐indaceno[1,2‐b:5,6‐b′]dithiophene‐2,7‐diyl)bis(methanylylidene))bis(3‐oxo‐2,3‐dihydro‐1H‐indene‐2,1‐diylidene))dimalononitrile and its fluorinated analog paired with DRCN5T, an oligothiophene donor seldom investigated in ASM OSCs to date. (Photo)physical studies are conducted on both systems and it is identified that, along with the aforementioned ones, fluorination exerts several additional effects, including the following. First, it optimizes the morphology, thereby accelerating charge separation and reducing geminate recombination charge pairs; second, it suppresses energetic disorder; and third, it prolongs the carrier lifetime and thus aids charge extraction. Consequently, the short‐circuit current density and fill factor are significantly enhanced, and in turn, the PCE yields a 36% improvement, climbing to 9.25% and rivaling that of the current state‐of‐the‐art oligothiophene‐donor/nonfullerene ASM OSCs. The insights decipher the working mechanism of ASM OSCs that use fluorinated FREAs, paving the way toward high‐performance ASM OSCs.

中文翻译:

理解氟化作用:形态操纵促进电荷分离,并减少全小分子光伏中的载流子复合。

事实证明,氟化可以有效提高吸收,降低能级并增强高性能稠环电子受体(FREA)的结晶度。但是,由于研究工作主要集中在提高功率转换效率(PCE)上,因此仍然缺乏对氟化作用的深入了解。此外,在全小分子有机太阳能电池(ASM OSC)中,鲜有关于FREAs氟化的报道。' - ((2在此,上FREAs氟化系统中ASM的OSC使用流行的FREA 2,2研究Ž,2' Ž) - ((4,4,9,9-四己-4,9-二氢- S-茚并[1,2-b:5,6-b']二噻吩-2,7-二基)双(亚甲基亚烷基))双(3-氧代-2-3,3-二氢-1 H-茚-2,1-二亚甲基)二氟丁二烯及其氟化类似物与DRCN5T配对,DRCN5T是迄今为止在ASM OSC中很少研究的低聚噻吩供体。在这两个系统上都进行了(照片)物理研究,结果发现,氟化物与上述两个系统一起还具有其他一些作用,包括以下作用。首先,它优化了形态,从而加速了电荷分离并减少了成对的重组电荷对。其次,它可以抑制精力充沛的疾病。第三,它延长了载流子的寿命,从而有助于电荷的提取。因此,短路电流密度和填充因子得到了显着提高,而PCE则提高了36%,提高到9.25%,可与当前最先进的低聚噻吩供体/非富勒烯ASM相媲美。 OSC。
更新日期:2020-01-29
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