Abstract The growing demand for energy storage devices leads to great interest in advanced batteries researches. Among them, aqueous rechargeable zinc ion batteries (ARZIBs) has attracted wide attention due to their low cost, simple manufacturing process and environmental friendliness. Here, we prepared a composite material, namely MnO2 particles grown on the surface of N-doped hollow porous carbon nanospheres, that is, combining hollow carbon material with metal oxides, and employed it as the cathode of ARZIBs. Owing to the synergistic merits of desirable structural features of manganese oxides and hollow porous carbon nanospheres, the composite material exhibited excellent performance for the storage of zinc ions, including high capacity of 206 mA h g−1 at 100 mA g−1, impressive rate capability of 103 mA h g−1 at 500 mA g−1 and superior cycling stability with the coulombic efficiency (capacity retention) of 98.3% over 650 cycles. The distinguished electrochemical behavior is attributed to the synergistic effects of desirable structural features of manganese oxides and hollow porous carbon nanospheres, which can be summed up as larger electron modified interface, high mass loading, and stable carbon-layer structure. These results demonstrate that the composite material could satisfy the criteria for applying in advanced ARZIBs.

中文翻译：

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用于水性锌离子电池的 N 掺杂空心多孔碳纳米球表面生长的 MnO2 颗粒

摘要 对储能设备不断增长的需求引起了对先进电池研究的极大兴趣。其中，水系可充电锌离子电池（ARZIBs）因其成本低、制造工艺简单和环境友好而受到广泛关注。在这里，我们制备了一种复合材料，即在 N 掺杂的空心多孔碳纳米球表面生长的 MnO2 颗粒，即将空心碳材料与金属氧化物结合，并将其用作 ARZIBs 的阴极。由于锰氧化物和空心多孔碳纳米球的理想结构特征的协同优势，复合材料表现出优异的锌离子存储性能，包括在 100 mA g-1 时的高容量 206 mA h g-1，在 500 mA g-1 下具有 103 mA h g-1 的令人印象深刻的倍率性能和卓越的循环稳定性，在 650 次循环中库仑效率（容量保持率）为 98.3%。卓越的电化学行为归因于锰氧化物和空心多孔碳纳米球的理想结构特征的协同作用，可概括为更大的电子改性界面、高质量负载和稳定的碳层结构。这些结果表明该复合材料可以满足应用于先进 ARZIB 的标准。这可以概括为更大的电子改性界面、高质量负载和稳定的碳层结构。这些结果表明该复合材料可以满足应用于先进 ARZIB 的标准。这可以概括为更大的电子改性界面、高质量负载和稳定的碳层结构。这些结果表明该复合材料可以满足应用于先进 ARZIB 的标准。